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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00394 |
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| _version_ | 1866912996217847808 |
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| author | Bernshteyn, Vadim Conroy, Nicholas S. Bauböck, Michi Tiede, Paul Joshi, Abhishek V. Prather, Ben S. Gammie, Charles F. Collaboration, the Event Horizon Telescope : Akiyama, Kazunori Albentosa-Ruíz, Ezequiel Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Algaba, Juan Carlos Anantua, Richard Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Baczko, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Bandyopadhyay, Bidisha Barrett, John Benson, Bradford A. Bintley, Dan Blackburn, Lindy Blundell, Raymond Bouman, Katherine L. Bower, Geoffrey C. Bremer, Michael Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Broguiere, Dominique Bronzwaer, Thomas Bustamante, Sandra Carlos, Douglas F. Carlstrom, John E. Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-kwan Chang, Dominic O. Chatterjee, Koushik Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Cheng, Xiaopeng Chichura, Paul Cho, Ilje Conway, John E. Crawford, Thomas M. Crew, Geoffrey B. Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro Cui, Yuzhu Curd, Brandon Dahale, Rohan Davelaar, Jordy De Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dexter, Jason Dhruv, Vedant Dihingia, Indu K. Doeleman, Sheperd S. Dzib, Sergio A. Emami, Razieh Falcke, Heino Farah, Joseph Fish, Vincent L. Fomalont, Edward Ford, H. Alyson Foschi, Marianna Fraga-Encinas, Raquel Freeman, William T. Friberg, Per Fromm, Christian M. Fuentes, Antonio Galison, Peter García, Roberto Gentaz, Olivier Georgiev, Boris Goddi, Ciriaco Gold, Roman Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I. Gómez, José L. Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Haggard, Daryl Hesper, Ronald Heumann, Dirk Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Honma, Mareki Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Hughes, David H. Ikeda, Shiro Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette Inoue, Makoto Issaoun, Sara James, David J. Jannuzi, Buell T. Janssen, Michael Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Jiménez-Rosales, Alejandra Johnson, Michael D. Jorstad, Svetlana Jones, Adam C. Jung, Taehyun Kawashima, Tomohisa Keating, Garrett K. Kettenis, Mark Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kino, Motoki Koay, Jun Yi Kocherlakota, Prashant Kofuji, Yutaro Koch, Patrick M. Koyama, Shoko Kramer, Carsten Kramer, Joana A. Kramer, Michael Krichbaum, Thomas P. Kuo, Cheng-Yu La Bella, Noemi Lee, Deokhyeong Lee, Sang-Sung Levis, Aviad Li, Shaoliang Li, Zhiyuan Lico, Rocco Lindahl, Greg Lindqvist, Michael Lisakov, Mikhail Liu, Jun Liu, Kuo Liuzzo, Elisabetta Lo, Wen-Ping Lobanov, Andrei P. Loinard, Laurent Lonsdale, Colin J. Lowitz, Amy E. Lu, Ru-Sen MacDonald, Nicholas R. Mao, Jirong Marchili, Nicola Markoff, Sera Marrone, Daniel P. Marscher, Alan P. Martí-Vidal, Iván Matsushita, Satoki Matthews, Lynn D. Medeiros, Lia Menten, Karl M. Messias, Hugo Mizuno, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Montgomery, Joshua Moriyama, Kotaro Moscibrodzka, Monika Mulaudzi, Wanga Müller, Cornelia Müller, Hendrik Mus, Alejandro Musoke, Gibwa Myserlis, Ioannis Nagai, Hiroshi Nagar, Neil M. Nair, Dhanya G. Nakamura, Masanori Narayanan, Gopal Natarajan, Iniyan Nathanail, Antonios Fuentes, Santiago Navarro Neilsen, Joey Ni, Chunchong Nowak, Michael A. Okino, Hiroki Sánchez, Héctor Raúl Olivares Özel, Feryal Palumbo, Daniel C. M. Paraschos, Georgios Filippos Park, Jongho Parsons, Harriet Patel, Nimesh Pen, Ue-Li Pesce, Dominic W. Piétu, Vincent Plavin, Alexander PopStefanija, Aleksandar Porth, Oliver Principe, Giacomo Psaltis, Dimitrios Pu, Hung-Yi Rahlin, Alexandra Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh Rao, Ramprasad Rawlings, Mark G. Rezzolla, Luciano Ricarte, Angelo Ricci, Luca Ripperda, Bart Röder, Jan Roelofs, Freek Romero-Cañizales, Cristina Ros, Eduardo Roshanineshat, Arash Rottmann, Helge Roy, Alan L. Ruiz, Ignacio Ruszczyk, Chet Rygl, Kazi L. J. Salas, León D. S. Sánchez, Salvador Sánchez-Argüelles, David Sánchez-Portal, Miguel Sasada, Mahito Satapathy, Kaushik Saurabh Savolainen, Tuomas Schuster, Karl-Friedrich Shen, Zhiqiang Silpa, Sasikumar Smith, Randall Sohn, Bong Won SooHoo, Jason Souccar, Kamal Stanway, Joshua S. Sun, He Tetarenko, Alexandra J. Tilanus, Remo P. J. Titus, Michael Toma, Kenji Torne, Pablo Toscano, Teresa Traianou, Efthalia Trippe, Sascha Turk, Matthew van Bemmel, Ilse van Langevelde, Huib Jan van Rossum, Daniel R. von Fellenberg, Sebastiano D. Vos, Jesse Wagner, Jan Ward-Thompson, Derek Wardle, John Washington, Jasmin E. Weintroub, Jonathan Wielgus, Maciek Wiik, Kaj Wondrak, Michael F. Wong, George N. Wongphexhauxsorn, Jompoj Wu, Qingwen Yamaguchi, Paul Yfantis, Aristomenis Yoon, Doosoo Young, André Younsi, Ziri Yu, Wei Yuan, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Zeng, Ai-Ling Zensus, J. Anton Zhang, Shuo Zhao, Guang-Yao |
| author_facet | Bernshteyn, Vadim Conroy, Nicholas S. Bauböck, Michi Tiede, Paul Joshi, Abhishek V. Prather, Ben S. Gammie, Charles F. Collaboration, the Event Horizon Telescope : Akiyama, Kazunori Albentosa-Ruíz, Ezequiel Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Algaba, Juan Carlos Anantua, Richard Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Baczko, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Bandyopadhyay, Bidisha Barrett, John Benson, Bradford A. Bintley, Dan Blackburn, Lindy Blundell, Raymond Bouman, Katherine L. Bower, Geoffrey C. Bremer, Michael Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Broguiere, Dominique Bronzwaer, Thomas Bustamante, Sandra Carlos, Douglas F. Carlstrom, John E. Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-kwan Chang, Dominic O. Chatterjee, Koushik Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Cheng, Xiaopeng Chichura, Paul Cho, Ilje Conway, John E. Crawford, Thomas M. Crew, Geoffrey B. Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro Cui, Yuzhu Curd, Brandon Dahale, Rohan Davelaar, Jordy De Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dexter, Jason Dhruv, Vedant Dihingia, Indu K. Doeleman, Sheperd S. Dzib, Sergio A. Emami, Razieh Falcke, Heino Farah, Joseph Fish, Vincent L. Fomalont, Edward Ford, H. Alyson Foschi, Marianna Fraga-Encinas, Raquel Freeman, William T. Friberg, Per Fromm, Christian M. Fuentes, Antonio Galison, Peter García, Roberto Gentaz, Olivier Georgiev, Boris Goddi, Ciriaco Gold, Roman Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I. Gómez, José L. Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Haggard, Daryl Hesper, Ronald Heumann, Dirk Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Honma, Mareki Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Hughes, David H. Ikeda, Shiro Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette Inoue, Makoto Issaoun, Sara James, David J. Jannuzi, Buell T. Janssen, Michael Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Jiménez-Rosales, Alejandra Johnson, Michael D. Jorstad, Svetlana Jones, Adam C. Jung, Taehyun Kawashima, Tomohisa Keating, Garrett K. Kettenis, Mark Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kino, Motoki Koay, Jun Yi Kocherlakota, Prashant Kofuji, Yutaro Koch, Patrick M. Koyama, Shoko Kramer, Carsten Kramer, Joana A. Kramer, Michael Krichbaum, Thomas P. Kuo, Cheng-Yu La Bella, Noemi Lee, Deokhyeong Lee, Sang-Sung Levis, Aviad Li, Shaoliang Li, Zhiyuan Lico, Rocco Lindahl, Greg Lindqvist, Michael Lisakov, Mikhail Liu, Jun Liu, Kuo Liuzzo, Elisabetta Lo, Wen-Ping Lobanov, Andrei P. Loinard, Laurent Lonsdale, Colin J. Lowitz, Amy E. Lu, Ru-Sen MacDonald, Nicholas R. Mao, Jirong Marchili, Nicola Markoff, Sera Marrone, Daniel P. Marscher, Alan P. Martí-Vidal, Iván Matsushita, Satoki Matthews, Lynn D. Medeiros, Lia Menten, Karl M. Messias, Hugo Mizuno, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Montgomery, Joshua Moriyama, Kotaro Moscibrodzka, Monika Mulaudzi, Wanga Müller, Cornelia Müller, Hendrik Mus, Alejandro Musoke, Gibwa Myserlis, Ioannis Nagai, Hiroshi Nagar, Neil M. Nair, Dhanya G. Nakamura, Masanori Narayanan, Gopal Natarajan, Iniyan Nathanail, Antonios Fuentes, Santiago Navarro Neilsen, Joey Ni, Chunchong Nowak, Michael A. Okino, Hiroki Sánchez, Héctor Raúl Olivares Özel, Feryal Palumbo, Daniel C. M. Paraschos, Georgios Filippos Park, Jongho Parsons, Harriet Patel, Nimesh Pen, Ue-Li Pesce, Dominic W. Piétu, Vincent Plavin, Alexander PopStefanija, Aleksandar Porth, Oliver Principe, Giacomo Psaltis, Dimitrios Pu, Hung-Yi Rahlin, Alexandra Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh Rao, Ramprasad Rawlings, Mark G. Rezzolla, Luciano Ricarte, Angelo Ricci, Luca Ripperda, Bart Röder, Jan Roelofs, Freek Romero-Cañizales, Cristina Ros, Eduardo Roshanineshat, Arash Rottmann, Helge Roy, Alan L. Ruiz, Ignacio Ruszczyk, Chet Rygl, Kazi L. J. Salas, León D. S. Sánchez, Salvador Sánchez-Argüelles, David Sánchez-Portal, Miguel Sasada, Mahito Satapathy, Kaushik Saurabh Savolainen, Tuomas Schuster, Karl-Friedrich Shen, Zhiqiang Silpa, Sasikumar Smith, Randall Sohn, Bong Won SooHoo, Jason Souccar, Kamal Stanway, Joshua S. Sun, He Tetarenko, Alexandra J. Tilanus, Remo P. J. Titus, Michael Toma, Kenji Torne, Pablo Toscano, Teresa Traianou, Efthalia Trippe, Sascha Turk, Matthew van Bemmel, Ilse van Langevelde, Huib Jan van Rossum, Daniel R. von Fellenberg, Sebastiano D. Vos, Jesse Wagner, Jan Ward-Thompson, Derek Wardle, John Washington, Jasmin E. Weintroub, Jonathan Wielgus, Maciek Wiik, Kaj Wondrak, Michael F. Wong, George N. Wongphexhauxsorn, Jompoj Wu, Qingwen Yamaguchi, Paul Yfantis, Aristomenis Yoon, Doosoo Young, André Younsi, Ziri Yu, Wei Yuan, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Zeng, Ai-Ling Zensus, J. Anton Zhang, Shuo Zhao, Guang-Yao |
| contents | Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of the supermassive black hole M87* depict an asymmetric ring of emission. General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) models of M87* and its accretion disk predict that the amplitude and location of the ring's peak brightness asymmetry should fluctuate due to turbulence in the source plasma. We compare the observed distribution of brightness asymmetry amplitudes to the simulated distribution in GRMHD models, across varying black hole spin $a_{*}$. We show that, for strongly magnetized (MAD) models, three epochs of EHT data marginally disfavor $|a_{*}| \lesssim 0.2$. This is consistent with the Blandford-Znajek model for M87's jet, which predicts that M87* should have nonzero spin. We show quantitatively how future observations could improve spin constraints, and discuss how improved spin constraints could distinguish between differing jet-launching mechanisms and black hole growth scenarios. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_00394 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Ring Asymmetry and Spin in M87* Bernshteyn, Vadim Conroy, Nicholas S. Bauböck, Michi Tiede, Paul Joshi, Abhishek V. Prather, Ben S. Gammie, Charles F. Collaboration, the Event Horizon Telescope : Akiyama, Kazunori Albentosa-Ruíz, Ezequiel Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Algaba, Juan Carlos Anantua, Richard Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Baczko, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Bandyopadhyay, Bidisha Barrett, John Benson, Bradford A. Bintley, Dan Blackburn, Lindy Blundell, Raymond Bouman, Katherine L. Bower, Geoffrey C. Bremer, Michael Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Broguiere, Dominique Bronzwaer, Thomas Bustamante, Sandra Carlos, Douglas F. Carlstrom, John E. Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-kwan Chang, Dominic O. Chatterjee, Koushik Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Cheng, Xiaopeng Chichura, Paul Cho, Ilje Conway, John E. Crawford, Thomas M. Crew, Geoffrey B. Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro Cui, Yuzhu Curd, Brandon Dahale, Rohan Davelaar, Jordy De Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dexter, Jason Dhruv, Vedant Dihingia, Indu K. Doeleman, Sheperd S. Dzib, Sergio A. Emami, Razieh Falcke, Heino Farah, Joseph Fish, Vincent L. Fomalont, Edward Ford, H. Alyson Foschi, Marianna Fraga-Encinas, Raquel Freeman, William T. Friberg, Per Fromm, Christian M. Fuentes, Antonio Galison, Peter García, Roberto Gentaz, Olivier Georgiev, Boris Goddi, Ciriaco Gold, Roman Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I. Gómez, José L. Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Haggard, Daryl Hesper, Ronald Heumann, Dirk Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Honma, Mareki Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Hughes, David H. Ikeda, Shiro Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette Inoue, Makoto Issaoun, Sara James, David J. Jannuzi, Buell T. Janssen, Michael Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Jiménez-Rosales, Alejandra Johnson, Michael D. Jorstad, Svetlana Jones, Adam C. Jung, Taehyun Kawashima, Tomohisa Keating, Garrett K. Kettenis, Mark Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kino, Motoki Koay, Jun Yi Kocherlakota, Prashant Kofuji, Yutaro Koch, Patrick M. Koyama, Shoko Kramer, Carsten Kramer, Joana A. Kramer, Michael Krichbaum, Thomas P. Kuo, Cheng-Yu La Bella, Noemi Lee, Deokhyeong Lee, Sang-Sung Levis, Aviad Li, Shaoliang Li, Zhiyuan Lico, Rocco Lindahl, Greg Lindqvist, Michael Lisakov, Mikhail Liu, Jun Liu, Kuo Liuzzo, Elisabetta Lo, Wen-Ping Lobanov, Andrei P. Loinard, Laurent Lonsdale, Colin J. Lowitz, Amy E. Lu, Ru-Sen MacDonald, Nicholas R. Mao, Jirong Marchili, Nicola Markoff, Sera Marrone, Daniel P. Marscher, Alan P. Martí-Vidal, Iván Matsushita, Satoki Matthews, Lynn D. Medeiros, Lia Menten, Karl M. Messias, Hugo Mizuno, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Montgomery, Joshua Moriyama, Kotaro Moscibrodzka, Monika Mulaudzi, Wanga Müller, Cornelia Müller, Hendrik Mus, Alejandro Musoke, Gibwa Myserlis, Ioannis Nagai, Hiroshi Nagar, Neil M. Nair, Dhanya G. Nakamura, Masanori Narayanan, Gopal Natarajan, Iniyan Nathanail, Antonios Fuentes, Santiago Navarro Neilsen, Joey Ni, Chunchong Nowak, Michael A. Okino, Hiroki Sánchez, Héctor Raúl Olivares Özel, Feryal Palumbo, Daniel C. M. Paraschos, Georgios Filippos Park, Jongho Parsons, Harriet Patel, Nimesh Pen, Ue-Li Pesce, Dominic W. Piétu, Vincent Plavin, Alexander PopStefanija, Aleksandar Porth, Oliver Principe, Giacomo Psaltis, Dimitrios Pu, Hung-Yi Rahlin, Alexandra Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh Rao, Ramprasad Rawlings, Mark G. Rezzolla, Luciano Ricarte, Angelo Ricci, Luca Ripperda, Bart Röder, Jan Roelofs, Freek Romero-Cañizales, Cristina Ros, Eduardo Roshanineshat, Arash Rottmann, Helge Roy, Alan L. Ruiz, Ignacio Ruszczyk, Chet Rygl, Kazi L. J. Salas, León D. S. Sánchez, Salvador Sánchez-Argüelles, David Sánchez-Portal, Miguel Sasada, Mahito Satapathy, Kaushik Saurabh Savolainen, Tuomas Schuster, Karl-Friedrich Shen, Zhiqiang Silpa, Sasikumar Smith, Randall Sohn, Bong Won SooHoo, Jason Souccar, Kamal Stanway, Joshua S. Sun, He Tetarenko, Alexandra J. Tilanus, Remo P. J. Titus, Michael Toma, Kenji Torne, Pablo Toscano, Teresa Traianou, Efthalia Trippe, Sascha Turk, Matthew van Bemmel, Ilse van Langevelde, Huib Jan van Rossum, Daniel R. von Fellenberg, Sebastiano D. Vos, Jesse Wagner, Jan Ward-Thompson, Derek Wardle, John Washington, Jasmin E. Weintroub, Jonathan Wielgus, Maciek Wiik, Kaj Wondrak, Michael F. Wong, George N. Wongphexhauxsorn, Jompoj Wu, Qingwen Yamaguchi, Paul Yfantis, Aristomenis Yoon, Doosoo Young, André Younsi, Ziri Yu, Wei Yuan, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Zeng, Ai-Ling Zensus, J. Anton Zhang, Shuo Zhao, Guang-Yao High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of the supermassive black hole M87* depict an asymmetric ring of emission. General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) models of M87* and its accretion disk predict that the amplitude and location of the ring's peak brightness asymmetry should fluctuate due to turbulence in the source plasma. We compare the observed distribution of brightness asymmetry amplitudes to the simulated distribution in GRMHD models, across varying black hole spin $a_{*}$. We show that, for strongly magnetized (MAD) models, three epochs of EHT data marginally disfavor $|a_{*}| \lesssim 0.2$. This is consistent with the Blandford-Znajek model for M87's jet, which predicts that M87* should have nonzero spin. We show quantitatively how future observations could improve spin constraints, and discuss how improved spin constraints could distinguish between differing jet-launching mechanisms and black hole growth scenarios. |
| title | Ring Asymmetry and Spin in M87* |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00394 |