Calling for Backup: How Children Navigate Successive Robot Communication Failures

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Parreira, Maria Teresa, Neto, Isabel, Rocha, Filipa, Ju, Wendy
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Parreira, Maria Teresa
Neto, Isabel
Rocha, Filipa
Ju, Wendy
author_facet Parreira, Maria Teresa
Neto, Isabel
Rocha, Filipa
Ju, Wendy
contents How do children respond to repeated robot errors? While prior research has examined adult reactions to successive robot errors, children's responses remain largely unexplored. In this study, we explore children's reactions to robot social errors and performance errors. For the latter, this study reproduces the successive robot failure paradigm of Liu et al. with child participants (N=59, ages 8-10) to examine how young users respond to repeated robot conversational errors. Participants interacted with a robot that failed to understand their prompts three times in succession, with their behavioral responses video-recorded and analyzed. We found both similarities and differences compared to adult responses from the original study. Like adults, children adjusted their prompts, modified their verbal tone, and exhibited increasingly emotional non-verbal responses throughout successive errors. However, children demonstrated more disengagement behaviors, including temporarily ignoring the robot or actively seeking an adult. Errors did not affect participants' perception of the robot, suggesting more flexible conversational expectations in children. These findings inform the design of more effective and developmentally appropriate human-robot interaction systems for young users.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_00754
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Calling for Backup: How Children Navigate Successive Robot Communication Failures
Parreira, Maria Teresa
Neto, Isabel
Rocha, Filipa
Ju, Wendy
Robotics
Human-Computer Interaction
How do children respond to repeated robot errors? While prior research has examined adult reactions to successive robot errors, children's responses remain largely unexplored. In this study, we explore children's reactions to robot social errors and performance errors. For the latter, this study reproduces the successive robot failure paradigm of Liu et al. with child participants (N=59, ages 8-10) to examine how young users respond to repeated robot conversational errors. Participants interacted with a robot that failed to understand their prompts three times in succession, with their behavioral responses video-recorded and analyzed. We found both similarities and differences compared to adult responses from the original study. Like adults, children adjusted their prompts, modified their verbal tone, and exhibited increasingly emotional non-verbal responses throughout successive errors. However, children demonstrated more disengagement behaviors, including temporarily ignoring the robot or actively seeking an adult. Errors did not affect participants' perception of the robot, suggesting more flexible conversational expectations in children. These findings inform the design of more effective and developmentally appropriate human-robot interaction systems for young users.
title Calling for Backup: How Children Navigate Successive Robot Communication Failures
topic Robotics
Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00754