Learning Resilient Elections with Adversarial GNNs

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Li, Hao Xiang, Shah, Yash, Giusti, Lorenzo
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Li, Hao Xiang
Shah, Yash
Giusti, Lorenzo
author_facet Li, Hao Xiang
Shah, Yash
Giusti, Lorenzo
contents In the face of adverse motives, it is indispensable to achieve a consensus. Elections have been the canonical way by which modern democracy has operated since the 17th century. Nowadays, they regulate markets, provide an engine for modern recommender systems or peer-to-peer networks, and remain the main approach to represent democracy. However, a desirable universal voting rule that satisfies all hypothetical scenarios is still a challenging topic, and the design of these systems is at the forefront of mechanism design research. Automated mechanism design is a promising approach, and recent works have demonstrated that set-invariant architectures are uniquely suited to modelling electoral systems. However, various concerns prevent the direct application to real-world settings, such as robustness to strategic voting. In this paper, we generalise the expressive capability of learned voting rules, and combine improvements in neural network architecture with adversarial training to improve the resilience of voting rules while maximizing social welfare. We evaluate the effectiveness of our methods on both synthetic and real-world datasets. Our method resolves critical limitations of prior work regarding learning voting rules by representing elections using bipartite graphs, and learning such voting rules using graph neural networks. We believe this opens new frontiers for applying machine learning to real-world elections.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_01653
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Learning Resilient Elections with Adversarial GNNs
Li, Hao Xiang
Shah, Yash
Giusti, Lorenzo
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Multiagent Systems
Social and Information Networks
In the face of adverse motives, it is indispensable to achieve a consensus. Elections have been the canonical way by which modern democracy has operated since the 17th century. Nowadays, they regulate markets, provide an engine for modern recommender systems or peer-to-peer networks, and remain the main approach to represent democracy. However, a desirable universal voting rule that satisfies all hypothetical scenarios is still a challenging topic, and the design of these systems is at the forefront of mechanism design research. Automated mechanism design is a promising approach, and recent works have demonstrated that set-invariant architectures are uniquely suited to modelling electoral systems. However, various concerns prevent the direct application to real-world settings, such as robustness to strategic voting. In this paper, we generalise the expressive capability of learned voting rules, and combine improvements in neural network architecture with adversarial training to improve the resilience of voting rules while maximizing social welfare. We evaluate the effectiveness of our methods on both synthetic and real-world datasets. Our method resolves critical limitations of prior work regarding learning voting rules by representing elections using bipartite graphs, and learning such voting rules using graph neural networks. We believe this opens new frontiers for applying machine learning to real-world elections.
title Learning Resilient Elections with Adversarial GNNs
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Multiagent Systems
Social and Information Networks
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.01653