_version_ 1866911355321188352
author Yang, Rui
Li, Huitao
Xuan, Weihao
Qi, Heli
Li, Xin
Yu, Kunyu
Chen, Yingjian
Wang, Rongrong
Behmoaras, Jacques
Cai, Tianxi
Chakraborty, Bibhas
Chen, Qingyu
Cheng, Lionel Tim-Ee
Damwanza, Marie-Louise
Dzinotyiwei, Chido
Feng, Aosong
Hong, Chuan
Iwasawa, Yusuke
Ke, Yuhe
Kitala, Linah
Ko, Taehoon
Lee, Jisan
Li, Irene
Liew, Jonathan Chong Kai
Liu, Hongfang
Low, Lian Leng
Marrese-Taylor, Edison
Matsuo, Yutaka
Misi, Isheanesu
Ning, Yilin
Ong, Jasmine Chiat Ling
Ong, Marcus Eng Hock
Petretto, Enrico
Rouhizadeh, Hossein
Sandralegar, Abiram
Schreier, Oren
Tan, Iain Bee Huat
Tan, Patrick
Ting, Daniel Shu Wei
Wang, Junjue
Weng, Chunhua
Wong, Matthew Yu Heng
Wu, Fang
Xiao, Yunze
Xu, Xuhai
Zeng, Qingcheng
Zheng, Zhuo
Peng, Yifan
Teodoro, Douglas
Liu, Nan
author_facet Yang, Rui
Li, Huitao
Xuan, Weihao
Qi, Heli
Li, Xin
Yu, Kunyu
Chen, Yingjian
Wang, Rongrong
Behmoaras, Jacques
Cai, Tianxi
Chakraborty, Bibhas
Chen, Qingyu
Cheng, Lionel Tim-Ee
Damwanza, Marie-Louise
Dzinotyiwei, Chido
Feng, Aosong
Hong, Chuan
Iwasawa, Yusuke
Ke, Yuhe
Kitala, Linah
Ko, Taehoon
Lee, Jisan
Li, Irene
Liew, Jonathan Chong Kai
Liu, Hongfang
Low, Lian Leng
Marrese-Taylor, Edison
Matsuo, Yutaka
Misi, Isheanesu
Ning, Yilin
Ong, Jasmine Chiat Ling
Ong, Marcus Eng Hock
Petretto, Enrico
Rouhizadeh, Hossein
Sandralegar, Abiram
Schreier, Oren
Tan, Iain Bee Huat
Tan, Patrick
Ting, Daniel Shu Wei
Wang, Junjue
Weng, Chunhua
Wong, Matthew Yu Heng
Wu, Fang
Xiao, Yunze
Xu, Xuhai
Zeng, Qingcheng
Zheng, Zhuo
Peng, Yifan
Teodoro, Douglas
Liu, Nan
contents Despite continuous advances in medical technology, the global distribution of health care resources remains uneven. The development of large language models (LLMs) has transformed the landscape of medicine and holds promise for improving health care quality and expanding access to medical information globally. However, existing LLMs are primarily trained on high-resource languages, limiting their applicability in global medical scenarios. To address this gap, we constructed GlobMed, a large multilingual medical dataset, containing over 500,000 entries spanning 12 languages, including four low-resource languages. Building on this, we established GlobMed-Bench, which systematically assesses 56 state-of-the-art proprietary and open-weight LLMs across multiple multilingual medical tasks, revealing significant performance disparities across languages, particularly for low-resource languages. Additionally, we introduced GlobMed-LLMs, a suite of multilingual medical LLMs trained on GlobMed, with parameters ranging from 1.7B to 8B. GlobMed-LLMs achieved an average performance improvement of over 40% relative to baseline models, with a more than threefold increase in performance on low-resource languages. Together, these resources provide an important foundation for advancing the equitable development and application of LLMs globally, enabling broader language communities to benefit from technological advances.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_02186
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Toward Global Large Language Models in Medicine
Yang, Rui
Li, Huitao
Xuan, Weihao
Qi, Heli
Li, Xin
Yu, Kunyu
Chen, Yingjian
Wang, Rongrong
Behmoaras, Jacques
Cai, Tianxi
Chakraborty, Bibhas
Chen, Qingyu
Cheng, Lionel Tim-Ee
Damwanza, Marie-Louise
Dzinotyiwei, Chido
Feng, Aosong
Hong, Chuan
Iwasawa, Yusuke
Ke, Yuhe
Kitala, Linah
Ko, Taehoon
Lee, Jisan
Li, Irene
Liew, Jonathan Chong Kai
Liu, Hongfang
Low, Lian Leng
Marrese-Taylor, Edison
Matsuo, Yutaka
Misi, Isheanesu
Ning, Yilin
Ong, Jasmine Chiat Ling
Ong, Marcus Eng Hock
Petretto, Enrico
Rouhizadeh, Hossein
Sandralegar, Abiram
Schreier, Oren
Tan, Iain Bee Huat
Tan, Patrick
Ting, Daniel Shu Wei
Wang, Junjue
Weng, Chunhua
Wong, Matthew Yu Heng
Wu, Fang
Xiao, Yunze
Xu, Xuhai
Zeng, Qingcheng
Zheng, Zhuo
Peng, Yifan
Teodoro, Douglas
Liu, Nan
Computation and Language
Despite continuous advances in medical technology, the global distribution of health care resources remains uneven. The development of large language models (LLMs) has transformed the landscape of medicine and holds promise for improving health care quality and expanding access to medical information globally. However, existing LLMs are primarily trained on high-resource languages, limiting their applicability in global medical scenarios. To address this gap, we constructed GlobMed, a large multilingual medical dataset, containing over 500,000 entries spanning 12 languages, including four low-resource languages. Building on this, we established GlobMed-Bench, which systematically assesses 56 state-of-the-art proprietary and open-weight LLMs across multiple multilingual medical tasks, revealing significant performance disparities across languages, particularly for low-resource languages. Additionally, we introduced GlobMed-LLMs, a suite of multilingual medical LLMs trained on GlobMed, with parameters ranging from 1.7B to 8B. GlobMed-LLMs achieved an average performance improvement of over 40% relative to baseline models, with a more than threefold increase in performance on low-resource languages. Together, these resources provide an important foundation for advancing the equitable development and application of LLMs globally, enabling broader language communities to benefit from technological advances.
title Toward Global Large Language Models in Medicine
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.02186