Kantorovich-Type Stochastic Neural Network Operators for the Mean-Square Approximation of Certain Second-Order Stochastic Processes

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Hauptverfasser: Saini, Sachin, Singh, Uaday
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Saini, Sachin
Singh, Uaday
author_facet Saini, Sachin
Singh, Uaday
contents Artificial neural network operators (ANNOs) have been widely used for approximating deterministic input-output functions; however, their extension to random dynamics remains comparatively unexplored. In this paper, we construct a new class of \textbf{Kantorovich-type Stochastic Neural Network Operators (K-SNNOs)} in which randomness is incorporated not at the coefficient level, but through \textbf{stochastic neurons} driven by stochastic integrators. This framework enables the operator to inherit the probabilistic structure of the underlying process, making it suitable for modeling and approximating stochastic signals. We establish mean-square convergence of K-SNNOs to the target stochastic process and derive quantitative error estimates expressing the rate of approximation in terms of the modulus of continuity. Numerical simulations further validate the theoretical results by demonstrating accurate reconstruction of sample paths and rapid decay of the mean square error (MSE). Graphical results, including sample-wise approximations and empirical MSE behaviour, illustrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed stochastic-neuron-based operator.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_03634
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Kantorovich-Type Stochastic Neural Network Operators for the Mean-Square Approximation of Certain Second-Order Stochastic Processes
Saini, Sachin
Singh, Uaday
Machine Learning
Probability
41A30, 41A58, 47A58, 60H25, 92B20
Artificial neural network operators (ANNOs) have been widely used for approximating deterministic input-output functions; however, their extension to random dynamics remains comparatively unexplored. In this paper, we construct a new class of \textbf{Kantorovich-type Stochastic Neural Network Operators (K-SNNOs)} in which randomness is incorporated not at the coefficient level, but through \textbf{stochastic neurons} driven by stochastic integrators. This framework enables the operator to inherit the probabilistic structure of the underlying process, making it suitable for modeling and approximating stochastic signals. We establish mean-square convergence of K-SNNOs to the target stochastic process and derive quantitative error estimates expressing the rate of approximation in terms of the modulus of continuity. Numerical simulations further validate the theoretical results by demonstrating accurate reconstruction of sample paths and rapid decay of the mean square error (MSE). Graphical results, including sample-wise approximations and empirical MSE behaviour, illustrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed stochastic-neuron-based operator.
title Kantorovich-Type Stochastic Neural Network Operators for the Mean-Square Approximation of Certain Second-Order Stochastic Processes
topic Machine Learning
Probability
41A30, 41A58, 47A58, 60H25, 92B20
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.03634