Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Touko, Nia, Ellis, Matthew O A, Capone, Cristiano, Burrello, Alessio, Donati, Elisa, Manneschi, Luca
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.04181
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866909983825723392
author Touko, Nia
Ellis, Matthew O A
Capone, Cristiano
Burrello, Alessio
Donati, Elisa
Manneschi, Luca
author_facet Touko, Nia
Ellis, Matthew O A
Capone, Cristiano
Burrello, Alessio
Donati, Elisa
Manneschi, Luca
contents Reliable long-term decoding of surface electromyography (EMG) is hindered by signal drift caused by electrode shifts, muscle fatigue, and posture changes. While state-of-the-art models achieve high intra-session accuracy, their performance often degrades sharply. Existing solutions typically demand large datasets or high-compute pipelines that are impractical for energy-efficient wearables. We propose a lightweight framework for Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) using a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) backbone. We introduce three deployment-ready strategies: (i) causal adaptive batch normalization for real-time statistical alignment; (ii) a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) alignment with experience replay to prevent forgetting; and (iii) meta-learning for rapid, few-shot calibration. Evaluated on the NinaPro DB6 multi-session dataset, our framework significantly bridges the inter-session accuracy gap with minimal overhead. Our results show that experience-replay updates yield superior stability under limited data, while meta-learning achieves competitive performance in one- and two-shot regimes using only a fraction of the data required by current benchmarks. This work establishes a path toward robust, "plug-and-play" myoelectric control for long-term prosthetic use.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_04181
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Lightweight Test-Time Adaptation for EMG-Based Gesture Recognition
Touko, Nia
Ellis, Matthew O A
Capone, Cristiano
Burrello, Alessio
Donati, Elisa
Manneschi, Luca
Machine Learning
Human-Computer Interaction
Reliable long-term decoding of surface electromyography (EMG) is hindered by signal drift caused by electrode shifts, muscle fatigue, and posture changes. While state-of-the-art models achieve high intra-session accuracy, their performance often degrades sharply. Existing solutions typically demand large datasets or high-compute pipelines that are impractical for energy-efficient wearables. We propose a lightweight framework for Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) using a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) backbone. We introduce three deployment-ready strategies: (i) causal adaptive batch normalization for real-time statistical alignment; (ii) a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) alignment with experience replay to prevent forgetting; and (iii) meta-learning for rapid, few-shot calibration. Evaluated on the NinaPro DB6 multi-session dataset, our framework significantly bridges the inter-session accuracy gap with minimal overhead. Our results show that experience-replay updates yield superior stability under limited data, while meta-learning achieves competitive performance in one- and two-shot regimes using only a fraction of the data required by current benchmarks. This work establishes a path toward robust, "plug-and-play" myoelectric control for long-term prosthetic use.
title Lightweight Test-Time Adaptation for EMG-Based Gesture Recognition
topic Machine Learning
Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.04181