Adaptive Multi-Grade Deep Learning for Highly Oscillatory Fredholm Integral Equations of the Second Kind

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Jiang, Jie, Xu, Yuesheng
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Jiang, Jie
Xu, Yuesheng
author_facet Jiang, Jie
Xu, Yuesheng
contents This paper studies the use of Multi-Grade Deep Learning (MGDL) for solving highly oscillatory Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. We provide rigorous error analyses of continuous and discrete MGDL models, showing that the discrete model retains the convergence and stability of its continuous counterpart under sufficiently small quadrature error. We identify the DNN training error as the primary source of approximation error, motivating a novel adaptive MGDL algorithm that selects the network grade based on training performance. Numerical experiments with highly oscillatory (including wavenumber 500) and singular solutions confirm the accuracy, effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_04496
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Adaptive Multi-Grade Deep Learning for Highly Oscillatory Fredholm Integral Equations of the Second Kind
Jiang, Jie
Xu, Yuesheng
Numerical Analysis
65R20
This paper studies the use of Multi-Grade Deep Learning (MGDL) for solving highly oscillatory Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. We provide rigorous error analyses of continuous and discrete MGDL models, showing that the discrete model retains the convergence and stability of its continuous counterpart under sufficiently small quadrature error. We identify the DNN training error as the primary source of approximation error, motivating a novel adaptive MGDL algorithm that selects the network grade based on training performance. Numerical experiments with highly oscillatory (including wavenumber 500) and singular solutions confirm the accuracy, effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.
title Adaptive Multi-Grade Deep Learning for Highly Oscillatory Fredholm Integral Equations of the Second Kind
topic Numerical Analysis
65R20
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.04496