Enhanced Microwave Sensing with Dissipative Continuous Time Crystals
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arXiv
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866918278195052544 |
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| author | Xue, Yunlong Bai, Zhengyang Ma, Yu-Qiang |
| author_facet | Xue, Yunlong Bai, Zhengyang Ma, Yu-Qiang |
| contents | A dissipative time crystal is an emergent phase in driven-dissipative quantum many-body systems, characterized by sustained oscillations that break time-translation symmetry spontaneously. Here, we explore nonequilibrium phase transitions in a dissipative Rydberg system driven by a microwave (MW) field and demonstrate their critical sensitivity to high-precision MW sensing. Distinct dynamical regimes are identified, including monostable, bistable, and oscillatory phases under mean-field coupling. Unlike single-particle detection--where the beating signal decays linearly with MW field strength--the time crystalline phase exhibits high sensitivity to MW perturbations, with rapid, discontinuous frequency switching near the monostable-oscillatory boundary. The abrupt transition is rooted in spontaneous symmetry breaking in time and is fundamentally insensitive to the background noise. On this basis, a minimum detectable MW field strength on the order of 1nV/cm is achieved by leveraging this sensitivity. Our results establish a framework for controlling time crystalline phases with external fields and advance MW sensing through many-body effects. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_04943 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Enhanced Microwave Sensing with Dissipative Continuous Time Crystals Xue, Yunlong Bai, Zhengyang Ma, Yu-Qiang Quantum Gases Atomic Physics A dissipative time crystal is an emergent phase in driven-dissipative quantum many-body systems, characterized by sustained oscillations that break time-translation symmetry spontaneously. Here, we explore nonequilibrium phase transitions in a dissipative Rydberg system driven by a microwave (MW) field and demonstrate their critical sensitivity to high-precision MW sensing. Distinct dynamical regimes are identified, including monostable, bistable, and oscillatory phases under mean-field coupling. Unlike single-particle detection--where the beating signal decays linearly with MW field strength--the time crystalline phase exhibits high sensitivity to MW perturbations, with rapid, discontinuous frequency switching near the monostable-oscillatory boundary. The abrupt transition is rooted in spontaneous symmetry breaking in time and is fundamentally insensitive to the background noise. On this basis, a minimum detectable MW field strength on the order of 1nV/cm is achieved by leveraging this sensitivity. Our results establish a framework for controlling time crystalline phases with external fields and advance MW sensing through many-body effects. |
| title | Enhanced Microwave Sensing with Dissipative Continuous Time Crystals |
| topic | Quantum Gases Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.04943 |