Correlative Ultrafast Imaging of a Propagating Photo-Driven Phase Transition Using 4D STEM

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Hauptverfasser: Niedermayr, Arthur, Wu, Jianyu, Fisher, Bertina, Kaminer, Ido, Weissenrieder, Jonas
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Niedermayr, Arthur
Wu, Jianyu
Fisher, Bertina
Kaminer, Ido
Weissenrieder, Jonas
author_facet Niedermayr, Arthur
Wu, Jianyu
Fisher, Bertina
Kaminer, Ido
Weissenrieder, Jonas
contents Oxides exhibiting insulator-metal transitions are promising candidates for next generation ultrafast electronic switching devices. However, critical gaps remain in understanding the onset of strain and its dynamics as these materials undergo structural transitions, particularly in nanostructured configurations. Here, we present ultrafast four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy enabling virtual imaging and strain mapping at every point in space and time. Using this technique, we directly probe a laser-excited phase transition in the prototypical material vanadium dioxide (VO2), recording its spatiotemporal propagation. This direct imaging capability reveals the dynamics of the structural phase transition and connects it to the resulting strain formation on picosecond timescales. This correlation reveals how atomic-scale symmetry breaking inherently generates lattice distortions, which then propagate to govern macroscopic property changes. Our findings provide new insights into the coupling between electronic, structural, and mechanical responses in correlated oxides under non-equilibrium conditions.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_05018
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Correlative Ultrafast Imaging of a Propagating Photo-Driven Phase Transition Using 4D STEM
Niedermayr, Arthur
Wu, Jianyu
Fisher, Bertina
Kaminer, Ido
Weissenrieder, Jonas
Materials Science
Oxides exhibiting insulator-metal transitions are promising candidates for next generation ultrafast electronic switching devices. However, critical gaps remain in understanding the onset of strain and its dynamics as these materials undergo structural transitions, particularly in nanostructured configurations. Here, we present ultrafast four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy enabling virtual imaging and strain mapping at every point in space and time. Using this technique, we directly probe a laser-excited phase transition in the prototypical material vanadium dioxide (VO2), recording its spatiotemporal propagation. This direct imaging capability reveals the dynamics of the structural phase transition and connects it to the resulting strain formation on picosecond timescales. This correlation reveals how atomic-scale symmetry breaking inherently generates lattice distortions, which then propagate to govern macroscopic property changes. Our findings provide new insights into the coupling between electronic, structural, and mechanical responses in correlated oxides under non-equilibrium conditions.
title Correlative Ultrafast Imaging of a Propagating Photo-Driven Phase Transition Using 4D STEM
topic Materials Science
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.05018