Empirical Characterization of Logging Smells in Machine Learning Code

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Foalem, Patrick Loic, Da Silva, Leuson, Khomh, Foutse, Merlo, Ettore, Li, Heng
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Foalem, Patrick Loic
Da Silva, Leuson
Khomh, Foutse
Merlo, Ettore
Li, Heng
author_facet Foalem, Patrick Loic
Da Silva, Leuson
Khomh, Foutse
Merlo, Ettore
Li, Heng
contents \underline{Context:} Logging is a fundamental yet complex practice in software engineering, essential for monitoring, debugging, and auditing software systems. With the increasing integration of machine learning (ML) components into software systems, effective logging has become critical to ensure reproducibility, traceability, and observability throughout model training and deployment. Although various general-purpose and ML-specific logging frameworks exist, little is known about how these tools are actually used in practice or whether ML practitioners adopt consistent and effective logging strategies. To date, no empirical study has systematically characterized recurring bad logging practices--or logging smells--in ML System. \underline{Goal:} This study aims to empirically identify and characterize logging smells in ML systems, providing an evidence-based understanding of how logging is implemented and challenged in practice. \underline{Method:} We propose to conduct a large-scale mining of open-source ML repositories hosted on GitHub to catalogue recurring logging smells. Subsequently, a practitioner survey involving ML engineers will be conducted to assess the perceived relevance, severity, and frequency of the identified smells. \underline{Limitations:} % While The study's limitations include that While our findings may not be generalizable to closed-source industrial projects, we believe our study provides an essential step toward understanding and improving logging practices in ML development.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_05540
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Empirical Characterization of Logging Smells in Machine Learning Code
Foalem, Patrick Loic
Da Silva, Leuson
Khomh, Foutse
Merlo, Ettore
Li, Heng
Software Engineering
\underline{Context:} Logging is a fundamental yet complex practice in software engineering, essential for monitoring, debugging, and auditing software systems. With the increasing integration of machine learning (ML) components into software systems, effective logging has become critical to ensure reproducibility, traceability, and observability throughout model training and deployment. Although various general-purpose and ML-specific logging frameworks exist, little is known about how these tools are actually used in practice or whether ML practitioners adopt consistent and effective logging strategies. To date, no empirical study has systematically characterized recurring bad logging practices--or logging smells--in ML System. \underline{Goal:} This study aims to empirically identify and characterize logging smells in ML systems, providing an evidence-based understanding of how logging is implemented and challenged in practice. \underline{Method:} We propose to conduct a large-scale mining of open-source ML repositories hosted on GitHub to catalogue recurring logging smells. Subsequently, a practitioner survey involving ML engineers will be conducted to assess the perceived relevance, severity, and frequency of the identified smells. \underline{Limitations:} % While The study's limitations include that While our findings may not be generalizable to closed-source industrial projects, we believe our study provides an essential step toward understanding and improving logging practices in ML development.
title Empirical Characterization of Logging Smells in Machine Learning Code
topic Software Engineering
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.05540