Certificate for Orthogonal Equivalence of Real Polynomials by Polynomial-Weighted Principal Component Analysis

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Helmer, Martin, Hong, David, Hong, Hoon
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Helmer, Martin
Hong, David
Hong, Hoon
author_facet Helmer, Martin
Hong, David
Hong, Hoon
contents Suppose that $f(x) \in \mathbb{R}[x_1,\dots, x_n]$ and $g(x) \in \mathbb{R}[x_1,\dots, x_n]$ are two real polynomials of degree $d$ in $n$ variables. If the polynomials $f$ and $g$ are the same up to orthogonal symmetry a natural question is then what element of the orthogonal group induces the orthogonal symmetry; i.e. to find the element $R\in O(n)$ such that $f(Rx)=g(x)$. One may directly solve this problem by constructing a nonlinear system of equations induced by the relation $f(Rx)=g(x)$ along with the identities of the orthogonal group however this approach becomes quite computationally expensive for larger values of $n$ and $d$. To give an alternative and significantly more scalable solution to this problem, we introduce the concept of Polynomial-Weighted Principal Component Analysis (PW-PCA). We in particular show how PW-PCA can be effectively computed and how these techniques can be used to obtain a certificate of orthogonal equivalence, that is we find the $R\in O(n)$ such that $f(Rx)=g(x)$.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_06148
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Certificate for Orthogonal Equivalence of Real Polynomials by Polynomial-Weighted Principal Component Analysis
Helmer, Martin
Hong, David
Hong, Hoon
Rings and Algebras
Numerical Analysis
Commutative Algebra
Suppose that $f(x) \in \mathbb{R}[x_1,\dots, x_n]$ and $g(x) \in \mathbb{R}[x_1,\dots, x_n]$ are two real polynomials of degree $d$ in $n$ variables. If the polynomials $f$ and $g$ are the same up to orthogonal symmetry a natural question is then what element of the orthogonal group induces the orthogonal symmetry; i.e. to find the element $R\in O(n)$ such that $f(Rx)=g(x)$. One may directly solve this problem by constructing a nonlinear system of equations induced by the relation $f(Rx)=g(x)$ along with the identities of the orthogonal group however this approach becomes quite computationally expensive for larger values of $n$ and $d$. To give an alternative and significantly more scalable solution to this problem, we introduce the concept of Polynomial-Weighted Principal Component Analysis (PW-PCA). We in particular show how PW-PCA can be effectively computed and how these techniques can be used to obtain a certificate of orthogonal equivalence, that is we find the $R\in O(n)$ such that $f(Rx)=g(x)$.
title Certificate for Orthogonal Equivalence of Real Polynomials by Polynomial-Weighted Principal Component Analysis
topic Rings and Algebras
Numerical Analysis
Commutative Algebra
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06148