Neural Nonmyopic Bayesian Optimization in Dynamic Cost Settings

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Truong, Sang T., Nguyen, Duc Q., Neiswanger, Willie, Griffiths, Ryan-Rhys, Ermon, Stefano, Haber, Nick, Koyejo, Sanmi
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Truong, Sang T.
Nguyen, Duc Q.
Neiswanger, Willie
Griffiths, Ryan-Rhys
Ermon, Stefano
Haber, Nick
Koyejo, Sanmi
author_facet Truong, Sang T.
Nguyen, Duc Q.
Neiswanger, Willie
Griffiths, Ryan-Rhys
Ermon, Stefano
Haber, Nick
Koyejo, Sanmi
contents Bayesian optimization (BO) is a common framework for optimizing black-box functions, yet most existing methods assume static query costs and rely on myopic acquisition strategies. We introduce LookaHES, a nonmyopic BO framework designed for dynamic, history-dependent cost environments, where evaluation costs vary with prior actions, such as travel distance in spatial tasks or edit distance in sequence design. LookaHES combines a multi-step variant of $H$-Entropy Search with pathwise sampling and neural policy optimization, enabling long-horizon planning beyond twenty steps without the exponential complexity of existing nonmyopic methods. The key innovation is the integration of neural policies, including large language models, to effectively navigate structured, combinatorial action spaces such as protein sequences. These policies amortize lookahead planning and can be integrated with domain-specific constraints during rollout. Empirically, LookaHES outperforms strong myopic and nonmyopic baselines across nine synthetic benchmarks from two to eight dimensions and two real-world tasks: geospatial optimization using NASA night-light imagery and protein sequence design with constrained token-level edits. In short, LookaHES provides a general, scalable, and cost-aware solution for robust long-horizon optimization in complex decision spaces, which makes it a useful tool for researchers in machine learning, statistics, and applied domains. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/sangttruong/nonmyopia.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_06505
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Neural Nonmyopic Bayesian Optimization in Dynamic Cost Settings
Truong, Sang T.
Nguyen, Duc Q.
Neiswanger, Willie
Griffiths, Ryan-Rhys
Ermon, Stefano
Haber, Nick
Koyejo, Sanmi
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Bayesian optimization (BO) is a common framework for optimizing black-box functions, yet most existing methods assume static query costs and rely on myopic acquisition strategies. We introduce LookaHES, a nonmyopic BO framework designed for dynamic, history-dependent cost environments, where evaluation costs vary with prior actions, such as travel distance in spatial tasks or edit distance in sequence design. LookaHES combines a multi-step variant of $H$-Entropy Search with pathwise sampling and neural policy optimization, enabling long-horizon planning beyond twenty steps without the exponential complexity of existing nonmyopic methods. The key innovation is the integration of neural policies, including large language models, to effectively navigate structured, combinatorial action spaces such as protein sequences. These policies amortize lookahead planning and can be integrated with domain-specific constraints during rollout. Empirically, LookaHES outperforms strong myopic and nonmyopic baselines across nine synthetic benchmarks from two to eight dimensions and two real-world tasks: geospatial optimization using NASA night-light imagery and protein sequence design with constrained token-level edits. In short, LookaHES provides a general, scalable, and cost-aware solution for robust long-horizon optimization in complex decision spaces, which makes it a useful tool for researchers in machine learning, statistics, and applied domains. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/sangttruong/nonmyopia.
title Neural Nonmyopic Bayesian Optimization in Dynamic Cost Settings
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06505