Axion Signal Search Using Hybrid Nuclear-Electronic Spin Systems
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866915879917191168 |
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| author | Tan, Xiangjun Wang, Zhanning |
| author_facet | Tan, Xiangjun Wang, Zhanning |
| contents | Conventional nuclear magnetic resonance searches for the galactic axion wind lose sensitivity at low frequencies due to the unfavourable scaling of inductive readout. Here, we propose a hybrid architecture where the hyperfine interaction transduces axion-driven nuclear precession into a high-bandwidth electron-spin readout channel. We demonstrate analytically that this dispersive upconversion preserves the specific sidereal and annual modulation signatures required to distinguish dark matter signals from instrumental backgrounds. When instantiated in a silicon ${ }^{209} \text{Bi}$ donor platform, the hybrid sensor is projected to outperform direct nuclear detection by more than an order of magnitude over the $10^{-16}-10^{-6} \text{eV}$ wide mass range. With collective enhancement, the design reaches a $5 σ$ sensitivity to DFSZ axion-nucleon couplings within one year, establishing hyperfine-mediated sensing as a competitive path for compact, solid-state dark matter searches. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_06816 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Axion Signal Search Using Hybrid Nuclear-Electronic Spin Systems Tan, Xiangjun Wang, Zhanning Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Experiment High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Conventional nuclear magnetic resonance searches for the galactic axion wind lose sensitivity at low frequencies due to the unfavourable scaling of inductive readout. Here, we propose a hybrid architecture where the hyperfine interaction transduces axion-driven nuclear precession into a high-bandwidth electron-spin readout channel. We demonstrate analytically that this dispersive upconversion preserves the specific sidereal and annual modulation signatures required to distinguish dark matter signals from instrumental backgrounds. When instantiated in a silicon ${ }^{209} \text{Bi}$ donor platform, the hybrid sensor is projected to outperform direct nuclear detection by more than an order of magnitude over the $10^{-16}-10^{-6} \text{eV}$ wide mass range. With collective enhancement, the design reaches a $5 σ$ sensitivity to DFSZ axion-nucleon couplings within one year, establishing hyperfine-mediated sensing as a competitive path for compact, solid-state dark matter searches. |
| title | Axion Signal Search Using Hybrid Nuclear-Electronic Spin Systems |
| topic | Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Experiment High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06816 |