LOONG: Online Time-Optimal Autonomous Flight for MAVs in Cluttered Environments

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Guan, Xin, Zhao, Fangguo, Wang, Qianyi, Zhao, Chengcheng, Chen, Jiming, Li, Shuo
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Guan, Xin
Zhao, Fangguo
Wang, Qianyi
Zhao, Chengcheng
Chen, Jiming
Li, Shuo
author_facet Guan, Xin
Zhao, Fangguo
Wang, Qianyi
Zhao, Chengcheng
Chen, Jiming
Li, Shuo
contents Autonomous flight of micro air vehicles (MAVs) in unknown, cluttered environments remains challenging for time-critical missions due to conservative maneuvering strategies. This article presents an integrated planning and control framework for high-speed, time-optimal autonomous flight of MAVs in cluttered environments. In each replanning cycle (100 Hz), a time-optimal trajectory under polynomial presentation is generated as a reference, with the time-allocation process accelerated by imitation learning. Subsequently, a time-optimal model predictive contouring control (MPCC) incorporates safe flight corridor (SFC) constraints at variable horizon steps to enable aggressive yet safe maneuvering, while fully exploiting the MAV's dynamics. We validate the proposed framework extensively on a custom-built LiDAR-based MAV platform. Simulation results demonstrate superior aggressiveness compared to the state of the art, while real-world experiments achieve a peak speed of 18 m/s in a cluttered environment and succeed in 10 consecutive trials from diverse start points. The video is available at the following link: https://youtu.be/vexXXhv99oQ.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_07434
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle LOONG: Online Time-Optimal Autonomous Flight for MAVs in Cluttered Environments
Guan, Xin
Zhao, Fangguo
Wang, Qianyi
Zhao, Chengcheng
Chen, Jiming
Li, Shuo
Robotics
Autonomous flight of micro air vehicles (MAVs) in unknown, cluttered environments remains challenging for time-critical missions due to conservative maneuvering strategies. This article presents an integrated planning and control framework for high-speed, time-optimal autonomous flight of MAVs in cluttered environments. In each replanning cycle (100 Hz), a time-optimal trajectory under polynomial presentation is generated as a reference, with the time-allocation process accelerated by imitation learning. Subsequently, a time-optimal model predictive contouring control (MPCC) incorporates safe flight corridor (SFC) constraints at variable horizon steps to enable aggressive yet safe maneuvering, while fully exploiting the MAV's dynamics. We validate the proposed framework extensively on a custom-built LiDAR-based MAV platform. Simulation results demonstrate superior aggressiveness compared to the state of the art, while real-world experiments achieve a peak speed of 18 m/s in a cluttered environment and succeed in 10 consecutive trials from diverse start points. The video is available at the following link: https://youtu.be/vexXXhv99oQ.
title LOONG: Online Time-Optimal Autonomous Flight for MAVs in Cluttered Environments
topic Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.07434