The combined X-ray and $γ$-ray modeling of millisecond pulsars PSR J0030+0451 in the dissipative magnetospheres
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Cao, Gang Yang, Xiongbang |
| author_facet | Cao, Gang Yang, Xiongbang |
| contents | Modeling of the NICER X-ray light curves of millisecond pulsars PSR J0030+0451 provides a strong evidence for the existence of non-dipole magnetic fields. We study the X-ray and $γ$-ray emission of PSR J0030+0451 in the dissipative dipole plus off-centred quadrupole magnetospheres. The dissipative FF+AE dipole magnetospheres by combining force-free (FF) and Aristotelian electrodynamics (AE) are solved by a 3D pseudo-spectral method in the rotating coordinate system. We use the FF+AE dipole plus off-centred quadrupole fields with minimum free parameters to reproduce two hotspot configurations found by the NICER observations. The X-ray and $γ$-ray emission from PSR J0030+0451 are simultaneously computed by using a ray-tracing method and a particle trajectory method. The modelled X-ray and $γ$-ray emission is then directly compared with those of PSR J0030+0451 from the NICER and Fermi observations. Our results can well reproduce the observed trends of the NICER X-ray and Fermi $γ$-ray emission for PSR J0030+0451. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_07491 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The combined X-ray and $γ$-ray modeling of millisecond pulsars PSR J0030+0451 in the dissipative magnetospheres Cao, Gang Yang, Xiongbang High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Modeling of the NICER X-ray light curves of millisecond pulsars PSR J0030+0451 provides a strong evidence for the existence of non-dipole magnetic fields. We study the X-ray and $γ$-ray emission of PSR J0030+0451 in the dissipative dipole plus off-centred quadrupole magnetospheres. The dissipative FF+AE dipole magnetospheres by combining force-free (FF) and Aristotelian electrodynamics (AE) are solved by a 3D pseudo-spectral method in the rotating coordinate system. We use the FF+AE dipole plus off-centred quadrupole fields with minimum free parameters to reproduce two hotspot configurations found by the NICER observations. The X-ray and $γ$-ray emission from PSR J0030+0451 are simultaneously computed by using a ray-tracing method and a particle trajectory method. The modelled X-ray and $γ$-ray emission is then directly compared with those of PSR J0030+0451 from the NICER and Fermi observations. Our results can well reproduce the observed trends of the NICER X-ray and Fermi $γ$-ray emission for PSR J0030+0451. |
| title | The combined X-ray and $γ$-ray modeling of millisecond pulsars PSR J0030+0451 in the dissipative magnetospheres |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.07491 |