FRET between NV centers in diamond and chlorophyll molecules: a novel resource for multimodal sensing and imaging in plant cells

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Main Authors: Westrich, Sebastian, Oshnik, Nimba, Thiele, Nina, Burmeister, Nina, Abdedou, Yanis, Khera, Nikhita, Müller-Schüssele, Stefanie J., Neu, Elke
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Westrich, Sebastian
Oshnik, Nimba
Thiele, Nina
Burmeister, Nina
Abdedou, Yanis
Khera, Nikhita
Müller-Schüssele, Stefanie J.
Neu, Elke
author_facet Westrich, Sebastian
Oshnik, Nimba
Thiele, Nina
Burmeister, Nina
Abdedou, Yanis
Khera, Nikhita
Müller-Schüssele, Stefanie J.
Neu, Elke
contents This work demonstrates efficient Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between ensembles of shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers located 7 nm and 9 nm below a single-crystal diamond surface and a naturally occurring fluorophore, namely a mixture of chlorophyll a and b molecules extracted from Arabidopsis thaliana. The broad fluorescence band of NV centers spectrally overlaps with the absorption of chlorophyll molecules, enabling FRET. As a result, depositing a chlorophyll layer on the diamond surface reduces the NV fluorescence lifetime from approximately 14 ns to below 4 ns, indicating efficient energy transfer. Laser-induced photobleaching of chlorophyll restores the unquenched NV lifetime. In contrast, NV centers located deeper within the diamond at depths of 40 nm and 72 nm remain unaffected, confirming that the observed quenching originates from a short-range FRET mechanism. The NV ensembles retain their optically detected magnetic resonance contrast while FRET is observed, demonstrating preservation of their spin properties. These proof-of-principle experiments establish the feasibility of combining FRET-based distance measurements with magnetic sensing using optically readable spins.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_08580
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle FRET between NV centers in diamond and chlorophyll molecules: a novel resource for multimodal sensing and imaging in plant cells
Westrich, Sebastian
Oshnik, Nimba
Thiele, Nina
Burmeister, Nina
Abdedou, Yanis
Khera, Nikhita
Müller-Schüssele, Stefanie J.
Neu, Elke
Biological Physics
This work demonstrates efficient Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between ensembles of shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers located 7 nm and 9 nm below a single-crystal diamond surface and a naturally occurring fluorophore, namely a mixture of chlorophyll a and b molecules extracted from Arabidopsis thaliana. The broad fluorescence band of NV centers spectrally overlaps with the absorption of chlorophyll molecules, enabling FRET. As a result, depositing a chlorophyll layer on the diamond surface reduces the NV fluorescence lifetime from approximately 14 ns to below 4 ns, indicating efficient energy transfer. Laser-induced photobleaching of chlorophyll restores the unquenched NV lifetime. In contrast, NV centers located deeper within the diamond at depths of 40 nm and 72 nm remain unaffected, confirming that the observed quenching originates from a short-range FRET mechanism. The NV ensembles retain their optically detected magnetic resonance contrast while FRET is observed, demonstrating preservation of their spin properties. These proof-of-principle experiments establish the feasibility of combining FRET-based distance measurements with magnetic sensing using optically readable spins.
title FRET between NV centers in diamond and chlorophyll molecules: a novel resource for multimodal sensing and imaging in plant cells
topic Biological Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.08580