RAVEN: Erasing Invisible Watermarks via Novel View Synthesis

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Shamshad, Fahad, Lukas, Nils, Nandakumar, Karthik
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Shamshad, Fahad
Lukas, Nils
Nandakumar, Karthik
author_facet Shamshad, Fahad
Lukas, Nils
Nandakumar, Karthik
contents Invisible watermarking has become a critical mechanism for authenticating AI-generated image content, with major platforms deploying watermarking schemes at scale. However, evaluating the vulnerability of these schemes against sophisticated removal attacks remains essential to assess their reliability and guide robust design. In this work, we expose a fundamental vulnerability in invisible watermarks by reformulating watermark removal as a view synthesis problem. Our key insight is that generating a perceptually consistent alternative view of the same semantic content, akin to re-observing a scene from a shifted perspective, naturally removes the embedded watermark while preserving visual fidelity. This reveals a critical gap: watermarks robust to pixel-space and frequency-domain attacks remain vulnerable to semantic-preserving viewpoint transformations. We introduce a zero-shot diffusion-based framework that applies controlled geometric transformations in latent space, augmented with view-guided correspondence attention to maintain structural consistency during reconstruction. Operating on frozen pre-trained models without detector access or watermark knowledge, our method achieves state-of-the-art watermark suppression across 15 watermarking methods--outperforming 14 baseline attacks while maintaining superior perceptual quality across multiple datasets.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_08832
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle RAVEN: Erasing Invisible Watermarks via Novel View Synthesis
Shamshad, Fahad
Lukas, Nils
Nandakumar, Karthik
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Invisible watermarking has become a critical mechanism for authenticating AI-generated image content, with major platforms deploying watermarking schemes at scale. However, evaluating the vulnerability of these schemes against sophisticated removal attacks remains essential to assess their reliability and guide robust design. In this work, we expose a fundamental vulnerability in invisible watermarks by reformulating watermark removal as a view synthesis problem. Our key insight is that generating a perceptually consistent alternative view of the same semantic content, akin to re-observing a scene from a shifted perspective, naturally removes the embedded watermark while preserving visual fidelity. This reveals a critical gap: watermarks robust to pixel-space and frequency-domain attacks remain vulnerable to semantic-preserving viewpoint transformations. We introduce a zero-shot diffusion-based framework that applies controlled geometric transformations in latent space, augmented with view-guided correspondence attention to maintain structural consistency during reconstruction. Operating on frozen pre-trained models without detector access or watermark knowledge, our method achieves state-of-the-art watermark suppression across 15 watermarking methods--outperforming 14 baseline attacks while maintaining superior perceptual quality across multiple datasets.
title RAVEN: Erasing Invisible Watermarks via Novel View Synthesis
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.08832