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1. Verfasser: Lee, Chorok
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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Online-Zugang:https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.10732
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author Lee, Chorok
author_facet Lee, Chorok
contents We document regime-dependent predictive structure between equity factors using 35 years of Fama-French data (1990-2024). We find that Value (HML) Granger-causes Size (SMB) during crisis regimes (p < 1e-4, 9-day lag) but not during normal conditions, validating across 5 of 6 historical stress events (2008, 2011, 2015, 2018, 2020). Regimes are identified via a Student-t HMM, which detects moderate crises such as 2011 (69%) that Gaussian models miss entirely (0%). Although the relationship does not yield trading profits, the 9-day lead time may support risk management decisions. We note that Granger causality implies temporal precedence, not structural causality, and that common drivers could explain the pattern; our economic interpretation is a hypothesis rather than a verified mechanism.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_10732
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Regime-Dependent Predictive Structure Between Equity Factors: Evidence from Granger Causality
Lee, Chorok
Risk Management
Statistical Finance
We document regime-dependent predictive structure between equity factors using 35 years of Fama-French data (1990-2024). We find that Value (HML) Granger-causes Size (SMB) during crisis regimes (p < 1e-4, 9-day lag) but not during normal conditions, validating across 5 of 6 historical stress events (2008, 2011, 2015, 2018, 2020). Regimes are identified via a Student-t HMM, which detects moderate crises such as 2011 (69%) that Gaussian models miss entirely (0%). Although the relationship does not yield trading profits, the 9-day lead time may support risk management decisions. We note that Granger causality implies temporal precedence, not structural causality, and that common drivers could explain the pattern; our economic interpretation is a hypothesis rather than a verified mechanism.
title Regime-Dependent Predictive Structure Between Equity Factors: Evidence from Granger Causality
topic Risk Management
Statistical Finance
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.10732