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Main Authors: Cai, Kecheng, Peng, Chao, Xu, Chenyang, Chen, Xia, Wang, Yi, Shi, Shuo, Liang, Qiyuan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.11036
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author Cai, Kecheng
Peng, Chao
Xu, Chenyang
Chen, Xia
Wang, Yi
Shi, Shuo
Liang, Qiyuan
author_facet Cai, Kecheng
Peng, Chao
Xu, Chenyang
Chen, Xia
Wang, Yi
Shi, Shuo
Liang, Qiyuan
contents Quality of Service (QoS) prediction is one of the most fundamental problems in service computing and personalized recommendation. In the problem, there is a set of users and services, each associated with a set of descriptive features. Interactions between users and services produce feedback values, typically represented as numerical QoS metrics such as response time or availability. Given the observed feedback for a subset of user-service pairs, the goal is to predict the QoS values for the remaining pairs. A key challenge in QoS prediction is the inherent sparsity of user-service interactions, as only a small subset of feedback values is typically observed. To address this, we propose a self-augmented strategy that leverages a model's own predictions for iterative refinement. In particular, we partially mask the predicted values and feed them back into the model to predict again. Building on this idea, we design a self-augmented mixture-of-experts model, where multiple expert networks iteratively and collaboratively estimate QoS values. We find that the iterative augmentation process naturally aligns with the MoE architecture by enabling inter-expert communication: in the second round, each expert receives the first-round predictions and refines its output accordingly. Experiments on benchmark datasets show that our method outperforms existing baselines and achieves competitive results.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_11036
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Self-Augmented Mixture-of-Experts for QoS Prediction
Cai, Kecheng
Peng, Chao
Xu, Chenyang
Chen, Xia
Wang, Yi
Shi, Shuo
Liang, Qiyuan
Machine Learning
Quality of Service (QoS) prediction is one of the most fundamental problems in service computing and personalized recommendation. In the problem, there is a set of users and services, each associated with a set of descriptive features. Interactions between users and services produce feedback values, typically represented as numerical QoS metrics such as response time or availability. Given the observed feedback for a subset of user-service pairs, the goal is to predict the QoS values for the remaining pairs. A key challenge in QoS prediction is the inherent sparsity of user-service interactions, as only a small subset of feedback values is typically observed. To address this, we propose a self-augmented strategy that leverages a model's own predictions for iterative refinement. In particular, we partially mask the predicted values and feed them back into the model to predict again. Building on this idea, we design a self-augmented mixture-of-experts model, where multiple expert networks iteratively and collaboratively estimate QoS values. We find that the iterative augmentation process naturally aligns with the MoE architecture by enabling inter-expert communication: in the second round, each expert receives the first-round predictions and refines its output accordingly. Experiments on benchmark datasets show that our method outperforms existing baselines and achieves competitive results.
title Self-Augmented Mixture-of-Experts for QoS Prediction
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.11036