Extragalactic planetary nebulae -- tracers of kinematics and stellar populations out to 100 Mpc

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Hartke, Johanna, Arnaboldi, Magda, Pulsoni, Claudia, Bhattacharya, Souradeep, Bureau, Martin, Congiu, Enrico, Flint, Guy, Gerhard, Ortwin, Roth, Martin, Soemitro, Azlizan, Spiniello, Chiara, Valenzuela, Lucas, Weilbacher, Peter, Yang, Nancy
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Hartke, Johanna
Arnaboldi, Magda
Pulsoni, Claudia
Bhattacharya, Souradeep
Bureau, Martin
Congiu, Enrico
Flint, Guy
Gerhard, Ortwin
Roth, Martin
Soemitro, Azlizan
Spiniello, Chiara
Valenzuela, Lucas
Weilbacher, Peter
Yang, Nancy
author_facet Hartke, Johanna
Arnaboldi, Magda
Pulsoni, Claudia
Bhattacharya, Souradeep
Bureau, Martin
Congiu, Enrico
Flint, Guy
Gerhard, Ortwin
Roth, Martin
Soemitro, Azlizan
Spiniello, Chiara
Valenzuela, Lucas
Weilbacher, Peter
Yang, Nancy
contents Extragalactic planetary nebulae (xPNe) in galaxies beyond the Local Universe serve as discrete tracers for studying the element abundances and kinematics of galaxies covering a wide range of morphologies and masses at a variety of angular distances, from the centre well out into their haloes. They are direct stellar probes to identify the galaxy progenitors of haloes and the intracluster light. Even with new facilities, reaching higher angular resolution and sensitivity, xPNe are the only stellar tracers that can be directly and singularly detected and characterised out to 100 Mpc distance, making them crucial for tracing halo and intracluster light assembly. New wide-field spectroscopic instruments at 10+meter-class telescopes will allow the unprecedented characterisation of xPN populations from galaxy centres to their diffuse outskirts. Panoramic integral-field spectroscopy will enable the simultaneous study of xPN and stellar population properties, establishing their use as age- and metallicity-tracers while also improving post-AGB stellar evolution models.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_11324
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Extragalactic planetary nebulae -- tracers of kinematics and stellar populations out to 100 Mpc
Hartke, Johanna
Arnaboldi, Magda
Pulsoni, Claudia
Bhattacharya, Souradeep
Bureau, Martin
Congiu, Enrico
Flint, Guy
Gerhard, Ortwin
Roth, Martin
Soemitro, Azlizan
Spiniello, Chiara
Valenzuela, Lucas
Weilbacher, Peter
Yang, Nancy
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Extragalactic planetary nebulae (xPNe) in galaxies beyond the Local Universe serve as discrete tracers for studying the element abundances and kinematics of galaxies covering a wide range of morphologies and masses at a variety of angular distances, from the centre well out into their haloes. They are direct stellar probes to identify the galaxy progenitors of haloes and the intracluster light. Even with new facilities, reaching higher angular resolution and sensitivity, xPNe are the only stellar tracers that can be directly and singularly detected and characterised out to 100 Mpc distance, making them crucial for tracing halo and intracluster light assembly. New wide-field spectroscopic instruments at 10+meter-class telescopes will allow the unprecedented characterisation of xPN populations from galaxy centres to their diffuse outskirts. Panoramic integral-field spectroscopy will enable the simultaneous study of xPN and stellar population properties, establishing their use as age- and metallicity-tracers while also improving post-AGB stellar evolution models.
title Extragalactic planetary nebulae -- tracers of kinematics and stellar populations out to 100 Mpc
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.11324