Walk based Laplacians for Modeling Diffusion on Complex Networks

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Arrigo, Francesca, Durastante, Fabio
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866914259347177472
author Arrigo, Francesca
Durastante, Fabio
author_facet Arrigo, Francesca
Durastante, Fabio
contents We develop a novel framework for modeling diffusion on complex networks by constructing Laplacian-like operators based on walks around a graph. Our approach introduces a parametric family of walk-based Laplacians that naturally incorporate memory effects by excluding or downweighting backtracking trajectories, where walkers immediately revisit nodes. The framework includes: (i) walk-based Laplacians that count all traversals in the network; (ii) nonbacktracking variants that eliminate immediate reversals; and (iii) backtrack-downweighted variants that provide a continuous interpolation between these two regimes. We establish that these operators extend the definition of the standard Laplacian and also preserve some of its properties. We present efficient algorithms using Krylov subspace methods for computing them, ensuring applicability of our proposed framework to large networks. Extensive numerical experiments on real-world networks validate the modeling flexibility of our approach and demonstrate the computational efficiency of the proposed algorithms, including GPU acceleration.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_11338
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Walk based Laplacians for Modeling Diffusion on Complex Networks
Arrigo, Francesca
Durastante, Fabio
Social and Information Networks
Numerical Analysis
05C82, 65F60, 05C50, 91D30
We develop a novel framework for modeling diffusion on complex networks by constructing Laplacian-like operators based on walks around a graph. Our approach introduces a parametric family of walk-based Laplacians that naturally incorporate memory effects by excluding or downweighting backtracking trajectories, where walkers immediately revisit nodes. The framework includes: (i) walk-based Laplacians that count all traversals in the network; (ii) nonbacktracking variants that eliminate immediate reversals; and (iii) backtrack-downweighted variants that provide a continuous interpolation between these two regimes. We establish that these operators extend the definition of the standard Laplacian and also preserve some of its properties. We present efficient algorithms using Krylov subspace methods for computing them, ensuring applicability of our proposed framework to large networks. Extensive numerical experiments on real-world networks validate the modeling flexibility of our approach and demonstrate the computational efficiency of the proposed algorithms, including GPU acceleration.
title Walk based Laplacians for Modeling Diffusion on Complex Networks
topic Social and Information Networks
Numerical Analysis
05C82, 65F60, 05C50, 91D30
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.11338