Graph Attention Networks with Physical Constraints for Anomaly Detection

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Homaei, Mohammadhossein, Khazrak, Iman, Molano, Ruben, Caro, Andres, Avila, Mar
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Homaei, Mohammadhossein
Khazrak, Iman
Molano, Ruben
Caro, Andres
Avila, Mar
author_facet Homaei, Mohammadhossein
Khazrak, Iman
Molano, Ruben
Caro, Andres
Avila, Mar
contents Water distribution systems (WDSs) face increasing cyber-physical risks, which make reliable anomaly detection essential. Many data-driven models ignore network topology and are hard to interpret, while model-based ones depend strongly on parameter accuracy. This work proposes a hydraulic-aware graph attention network using normalized conservation law violations as features. It combines mass and energy balance residuals with graph attention and bidirectional LSTM to learn spatio-temporal patterns. A multi-scale module aggregates detection scores from node to network level. On the BATADAL dataset, it reaches $F1=0.979$, showing $3.3$pp gain and high robustness under $15\%$ parameter noise.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_12426
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Graph Attention Networks with Physical Constraints for Anomaly Detection
Homaei, Mohammadhossein
Khazrak, Iman
Molano, Ruben
Caro, Andres
Avila, Mar
Machine Learning
Cryptography and Security
Water distribution systems (WDSs) face increasing cyber-physical risks, which make reliable anomaly detection essential. Many data-driven models ignore network topology and are hard to interpret, while model-based ones depend strongly on parameter accuracy. This work proposes a hydraulic-aware graph attention network using normalized conservation law violations as features. It combines mass and energy balance residuals with graph attention and bidirectional LSTM to learn spatio-temporal patterns. A multi-scale module aggregates detection scores from node to network level. On the BATADAL dataset, it reaches $F1=0.979$, showing $3.3$pp gain and high robustness under $15\%$ parameter noise.
title Graph Attention Networks with Physical Constraints for Anomaly Detection
topic Machine Learning
Cryptography and Security
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.12426