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Main Authors: Jordan, Charles, Issa, George, Khatami, Ehsan, Scalettar, Richard, Cohen-Stead, Benjamin, Johnston, Steven
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13121
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author Jordan, Charles
Issa, George
Khatami, Ehsan
Scalettar, Richard
Cohen-Stead, Benjamin
Johnston, Steven
author_facet Jordan, Charles
Issa, George
Khatami, Ehsan
Scalettar, Richard
Cohen-Stead, Benjamin
Johnston, Steven
contents We use determinant quantum Monte Carlo to study the half-filled `bond-Holstein' model on a square lattice. We find that the model exhibits a charge-density-wave (CDW) phase transition with a critical temperature $T_\mathrm{cdw}$ considerably higher than that of the canonical `site-Holstein' model. Using a finite-size scaling analysis of the charge structure factor $S_{\rm cdw}$, we obtain $T_\mathrm{cdw}$ to greater than one percent accuracy. At the same time, local observables also show clear signatures consistent with the transition temperatures inferred from our scaling analysis. We attribute the enhanced CDW tendencies to a phonon-mediated nearest-neighbor electron repulsion that is directly proportional to the dimensionless electron-phonon coupling $λ$ in the atomic ($t\rightarrow 0$) limit. This behavior contrasts with the site-Holstein case, where the same limit yields only an on-site attraction. We supplement our analysis with results from several unsupervised machine learning methods, which not only confirm our estimates of $T_\mathrm{cdw}$ but also provide insight into the high-temperature crossover between a metallic and bipolaron liquid regime.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_13121
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Charge Order in the half-filled bond-Holstein Model
Jordan, Charles
Issa, George
Khatami, Ehsan
Scalettar, Richard
Cohen-Stead, Benjamin
Johnston, Steven
Strongly Correlated Electrons
We use determinant quantum Monte Carlo to study the half-filled `bond-Holstein' model on a square lattice. We find that the model exhibits a charge-density-wave (CDW) phase transition with a critical temperature $T_\mathrm{cdw}$ considerably higher than that of the canonical `site-Holstein' model. Using a finite-size scaling analysis of the charge structure factor $S_{\rm cdw}$, we obtain $T_\mathrm{cdw}$ to greater than one percent accuracy. At the same time, local observables also show clear signatures consistent with the transition temperatures inferred from our scaling analysis. We attribute the enhanced CDW tendencies to a phonon-mediated nearest-neighbor electron repulsion that is directly proportional to the dimensionless electron-phonon coupling $λ$ in the atomic ($t\rightarrow 0$) limit. This behavior contrasts with the site-Holstein case, where the same limit yields only an on-site attraction. We supplement our analysis with results from several unsupervised machine learning methods, which not only confirm our estimates of $T_\mathrm{cdw}$ but also provide insight into the high-temperature crossover between a metallic and bipolaron liquid regime.
title Charge Order in the half-filled bond-Holstein Model
topic Strongly Correlated Electrons
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13121