Four Cold Super-Jupiters Revealed by Extended and Complex Microlensing Signals
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2026
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| author | Han, Cheongho Lee, Chung-Uk Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Jung, Youn Kil Hwang, Kyu-Ha Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Shvartzvald, Yossi Shin, In-Gu Yee, Jennifer C. Zang, Weicheng Yang, Hongjing Kim, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Cha, Sang-Mok Kim, Seung-Lee Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. |
| author_facet | Han, Cheongho Lee, Chung-Uk Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Jung, Youn Kil Hwang, Kyu-Ha Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Shvartzvald, Yossi Shin, In-Gu Yee, Jennifer C. Zang, Weicheng Yang, Hongjing Kim, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Cha, Sang-Mok Kim, Seung-Lee Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. |
| contents | We present the analysis of four microlensing events, KMT-2020-BLG-0202, KMT-2022-BLG-1551, KMT-2023-BLG-0466, and KMT-2025-BLG-0121, which exhibit extended and complex anomalies in their light curves. These events were identified through a systematic reanalysis of KMTNet data aimed at detecting planetary signals that deviate from the typical short-term anomaly morphology. Detailed modeling indicates that all four anomalies were produced by planetary companions to low-mass stellar hosts. The events have mass ratios of $q \sim (5$--$14)\times10^{-3}$ and Einstein timescales of $t_{\rm E} \sim 20$--$43$ days. Bayesian analyses based on Galactic models show that the companions are super-Jupiters with masses of a few to approximately 10 $M_{\rm J}$, orbiting sub-solar-mass hosts located at distances of $D_{\rm L} \sim 4$--$7$~kpc. All planets lie well beyond the snow line of their hosts, placing them in the regime of cold giant planets. These detections demonstrate that extended and complex microlensing anomalies, which are often challenging to recognize as planetary in origin, can nonetheless contain planetary signals. This work underscores the unique sensitivity of microlensing to cold, massive planets beyond the snow line and highlights the importance of systematic reanalyses of survey data for achieving a more complete and unbiased census of exoplanets in the Galaxy. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_13450 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Four Cold Super-Jupiters Revealed by Extended and Complex Microlensing Signals Han, Cheongho Lee, Chung-Uk Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Jung, Youn Kil Hwang, Kyu-Ha Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Shvartzvald, Yossi Shin, In-Gu Yee, Jennifer C. Zang, Weicheng Yang, Hongjing Kim, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Cha, Sang-Mok Kim, Seung-Lee Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies We present the analysis of four microlensing events, KMT-2020-BLG-0202, KMT-2022-BLG-1551, KMT-2023-BLG-0466, and KMT-2025-BLG-0121, which exhibit extended and complex anomalies in their light curves. These events were identified through a systematic reanalysis of KMTNet data aimed at detecting planetary signals that deviate from the typical short-term anomaly morphology. Detailed modeling indicates that all four anomalies were produced by planetary companions to low-mass stellar hosts. The events have mass ratios of $q \sim (5$--$14)\times10^{-3}$ and Einstein timescales of $t_{\rm E} \sim 20$--$43$ days. Bayesian analyses based on Galactic models show that the companions are super-Jupiters with masses of a few to approximately 10 $M_{\rm J}$, orbiting sub-solar-mass hosts located at distances of $D_{\rm L} \sim 4$--$7$~kpc. All planets lie well beyond the snow line of their hosts, placing them in the regime of cold giant planets. These detections demonstrate that extended and complex microlensing anomalies, which are often challenging to recognize as planetary in origin, can nonetheless contain planetary signals. This work underscores the unique sensitivity of microlensing to cold, massive planets beyond the snow line and highlights the importance of systematic reanalyses of survey data for achieving a more complete and unbiased census of exoplanets in the Galaxy. |
| title | Four Cold Super-Jupiters Revealed by Extended and Complex Microlensing Signals |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.13450 |