Signatures of a Tidally Induced Spiral Arm at the Anticenter of the Milky Way and a Kinematically Extended Anticenter Stream Using DESI DR2
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Lambert, Mika Rockosi, Constance M. Koposov, Sergey E. Li, Ting S. Valluri, Monica Silva, Leandro Beraldo e Li, Songting Amarante, Joaõ A. S. Byström, Amanda Medina, Gustavo E. Sandford, Nathan R. Najita, Joan Kizhuprakkat, Namitha Aguilar, Jessica N. Ahlen, Steven Bianchi, Davide Brooks, David Claybaugh, Todd Dawson, Kyle de la Macorra, Axel Doel, Peter Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Joyce, Dick Kremin, Anthony Lamman, Claire Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Myers, Adam Nadathur, Seshadri Percival, Will Prada, Francisco Perez-Rafols, Ignasi Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David Schubnell, Michael Silber, Joseph H. Sprayberry, David Tarle, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin A. Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu |
| author_facet | Lambert, Mika Rockosi, Constance M. Koposov, Sergey E. Li, Ting S. Valluri, Monica Silva, Leandro Beraldo e Li, Songting Amarante, Joaõ A. S. Byström, Amanda Medina, Gustavo E. Sandford, Nathan R. Najita, Joan Kizhuprakkat, Namitha Aguilar, Jessica N. Ahlen, Steven Bianchi, Davide Brooks, David Claybaugh, Todd Dawson, Kyle de la Macorra, Axel Doel, Peter Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Joyce, Dick Kremin, Anthony Lamman, Claire Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Myers, Adam Nadathur, Seshadri Percival, Will Prada, Francisco Perez-Rafols, Ignasi Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David Schubnell, Michael Silber, Joseph H. Sprayberry, David Tarle, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin A. Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu |
| contents | Using the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Milky Way Survey (DESI MWS), we examine the 6D space of the anticenter region of the stellar disk (150$^\circ$ $<$ Galactic longitude $<$ 220$^\circ$) using 61,883 main sequence turn-off stars. We focus on two well-known stellar overdensities in the anticenter, the Monoceros Ring (MRi) and Anticenter Stream (ACS). We find that the MRi overdensity has kinematics consistent with a tidally induced spiral arm, a type of dynamic spiral arm created by an interaction with a satellite galaxy, most likely the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal galaxy (Sgr). We use the kinematics of the MRi to calculate the two most recent passage times of Sgr are 0.25 $\pm$ 0.09 Gyrs and 1.10 $\pm$ 0.23 Gyrs from the present day. We validate that the ACS is kinematically decoupled from the MRi because they are moving in opposite radial and vertical directions. We find that the kinematics associated with the ACS are not confined to our defined overdensity. The features we see in the ACS region are likely part of a broader distribution of stars with the same kinematic signature as detected in other places, like the vertical wave in the outer disk and phase spiral. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_14562 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Signatures of a Tidally Induced Spiral Arm at the Anticenter of the Milky Way and a Kinematically Extended Anticenter Stream Using DESI DR2 Lambert, Mika Rockosi, Constance M. Koposov, Sergey E. Li, Ting S. Valluri, Monica Silva, Leandro Beraldo e Li, Songting Amarante, Joaõ A. S. Byström, Amanda Medina, Gustavo E. Sandford, Nathan R. Najita, Joan Kizhuprakkat, Namitha Aguilar, Jessica N. Ahlen, Steven Bianchi, Davide Brooks, David Claybaugh, Todd Dawson, Kyle de la Macorra, Axel Doel, Peter Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Joyce, Dick Kremin, Anthony Lamman, Claire Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Myers, Adam Nadathur, Seshadri Percival, Will Prada, Francisco Perez-Rafols, Ignasi Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David Schubnell, Michael Silber, Joseph H. Sprayberry, David Tarle, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin A. Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu Astrophysics of Galaxies Using the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Milky Way Survey (DESI MWS), we examine the 6D space of the anticenter region of the stellar disk (150$^\circ$ $<$ Galactic longitude $<$ 220$^\circ$) using 61,883 main sequence turn-off stars. We focus on two well-known stellar overdensities in the anticenter, the Monoceros Ring (MRi) and Anticenter Stream (ACS). We find that the MRi overdensity has kinematics consistent with a tidally induced spiral arm, a type of dynamic spiral arm created by an interaction with a satellite galaxy, most likely the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal galaxy (Sgr). We use the kinematics of the MRi to calculate the two most recent passage times of Sgr are 0.25 $\pm$ 0.09 Gyrs and 1.10 $\pm$ 0.23 Gyrs from the present day. We validate that the ACS is kinematically decoupled from the MRi because they are moving in opposite radial and vertical directions. We find that the kinematics associated with the ACS are not confined to our defined overdensity. The features we see in the ACS region are likely part of a broader distribution of stars with the same kinematic signature as detected in other places, like the vertical wave in the outer disk and phase spiral. |
| title | Signatures of a Tidally Induced Spiral Arm at the Anticenter of the Milky Way and a Kinematically Extended Anticenter Stream Using DESI DR2 |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14562 |