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Main Authors: Krämer, Mathias, Favelukis, Bar, Prabhakar, J. Manoj, Albrecht, Aleksander, Rosen, Brian A., Eliaz, Noam, Sokol, Maxim, Gault, Baptiste
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14807
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author Krämer, Mathias
Favelukis, Bar
Prabhakar, J. Manoj
Albrecht, Aleksander
Rosen, Brian A.
Eliaz, Noam
Sokol, Maxim
Gault, Baptiste
author_facet Krämer, Mathias
Favelukis, Bar
Prabhakar, J. Manoj
Albrecht, Aleksander
Rosen, Brian A.
Eliaz, Noam
Sokol, Maxim
Gault, Baptiste
contents 2D materials hold transformative promise for next-generation nanoelectronics. However, successfully integrating these materials from laboratory-scale discoveries into real-world devices depends on precisely controlling their properties, which are fundamentally determined by their composition. Detailed characterisation using atom probe tomography of 2D Ti0.87O2, a candidate high-$κ$ dielectric, reveals deviations from its commonly assumed stoichiometry. Compositional analysis and comparison with the bulk K0.8[Ti1.73Li0.27]O4 precursor evidences an oxygen deficit indicative of oxygen vacancy formation in the 2D material, as well as the retention of low concentrations of alkali metals that were presumed to be removed during synthesis. Such deviations from stoichiometry indicate a reconstruction mechanism that mitigates the effect of the characteristic, negatively charged vacancies on the titanium sublattice, thereby influencing the local electronic structure and, consequently, functional properties. These findings underscore the importance of a detailed compositional analysis in both understanding and optimizing the extraordinary functional properties of 2D materials, opening pathways to tailored functionalities in next-generation nanoelectronics.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_14807
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Near-Atomic-Scale Compositional Complexity in a 2D Transition Metal Oxide
Krämer, Mathias
Favelukis, Bar
Prabhakar, J. Manoj
Albrecht, Aleksander
Rosen, Brian A.
Eliaz, Noam
Sokol, Maxim
Gault, Baptiste
Materials Science
2D materials hold transformative promise for next-generation nanoelectronics. However, successfully integrating these materials from laboratory-scale discoveries into real-world devices depends on precisely controlling their properties, which are fundamentally determined by their composition. Detailed characterisation using atom probe tomography of 2D Ti0.87O2, a candidate high-$κ$ dielectric, reveals deviations from its commonly assumed stoichiometry. Compositional analysis and comparison with the bulk K0.8[Ti1.73Li0.27]O4 precursor evidences an oxygen deficit indicative of oxygen vacancy formation in the 2D material, as well as the retention of low concentrations of alkali metals that were presumed to be removed during synthesis. Such deviations from stoichiometry indicate a reconstruction mechanism that mitigates the effect of the characteristic, negatively charged vacancies on the titanium sublattice, thereby influencing the local electronic structure and, consequently, functional properties. These findings underscore the importance of a detailed compositional analysis in both understanding and optimizing the extraordinary functional properties of 2D materials, opening pathways to tailored functionalities in next-generation nanoelectronics.
title Near-Atomic-Scale Compositional Complexity in a 2D Transition Metal Oxide
topic Materials Science
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14807