Power-Law Scaling in the Classification Performance of Small-Scale Spiking Neural Networks
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866912837553618944 |
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| author | Zhang, Zhengdi Han, Cong Xia, Wenjun |
| author_facet | Zhang, Zhengdi Han, Cong Xia, Wenjun |
| contents | This paper investigates the classification capability of small-scale spiking neural networks based on the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neuron model. We analyze the relationship between classification accuracy and three factors: the number of neurons, the number of stimulus nodes, and the number of classification categories. Notably, we employ a large language model (LLM) to assist in discovering the underlying functional relationships among these variables, and compare its performance against traditional methods such as linear and polynomial fitting. Experimental results show that classification accuracy follows a power-law scaling primarily with the number of categories, while the effects of neuron count and stimulus nodes are relatively minor. A key advantage of the LLM-based approach is its ability to propose plausible functional forms beyond pre-defined equation templates, often leading to more concise or accurate mathematical descriptions of the observed scaling laws. This finding has important implications for understanding efficient computation in biological neural systems and for pioneering new paradigms in AI-aided scientific discovery. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_14961 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Power-Law Scaling in the Classification Performance of Small-Scale Spiking Neural Networks Zhang, Zhengdi Han, Cong Xia, Wenjun Neurons and Cognition This paper investigates the classification capability of small-scale spiking neural networks based on the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neuron model. We analyze the relationship between classification accuracy and three factors: the number of neurons, the number of stimulus nodes, and the number of classification categories. Notably, we employ a large language model (LLM) to assist in discovering the underlying functional relationships among these variables, and compare its performance against traditional methods such as linear and polynomial fitting. Experimental results show that classification accuracy follows a power-law scaling primarily with the number of categories, while the effects of neuron count and stimulus nodes are relatively minor. A key advantage of the LLM-based approach is its ability to propose plausible functional forms beyond pre-defined equation templates, often leading to more concise or accurate mathematical descriptions of the observed scaling laws. This finding has important implications for understanding efficient computation in biological neural systems and for pioneering new paradigms in AI-aided scientific discovery. |
| title | Power-Law Scaling in the Classification Performance of Small-Scale Spiking Neural Networks |
| topic | Neurons and Cognition |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14961 |