GRB~250704B/EP250704a a Short Gamma-Ray Burst Powered by a Magnetar
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Fraija, Nissim Galvá, Antonio Kamenetskaia, Boris Betancourt Dainotti, Maria G |
| author_facet | Fraija, Nissim Galvá, Antonio Kamenetskaia, Boris Betancourt Dainotti, Maria G |
| contents | GRB~250704B/EP250704a, identified as a short gamma-ray burst (sGRB), exhibited prolonged X-ray emission following the prompt phase and, in optical and infrared (IR) bands, an unusual one-day plateau succeeded by a rapid decline. This sGRB was observed by multiple satellites and ground-based observatories across the electromagnetic spectrum. This study presents temporal and spectral analyses from radio to gamma-ray frequencies, spanning several observation periods beginning after the trigger and continuing for nearly 2 days. The results of the temporal and spectral analyses of the prompt episode, the extended X-ray component, and the afterglow phase are consistent with a millisecond magnetar undergoing accretion. The long-lasting X-ray emission is attributed to the internal energy dissipation of the magnetar spin-down power, governed by the magnetization parameter; the extended optical/IR plateau to synchrotron afterglow emission with energy injection; and the steep decay to changes in microphysical parameters during the post-jet break phase. The X-ray observations are consistent with the superposition of spin-down luminosity and synchrotron afterglow scenario. These findings suggest that the compact-object remnant is most likely a long-lived magnetar. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_15732 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | GRB~250704B/EP250704a a Short Gamma-Ray Burst Powered by a Magnetar Fraija, Nissim Galvá, Antonio Kamenetskaia, Boris Betancourt Dainotti, Maria G High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena GRB~250704B/EP250704a, identified as a short gamma-ray burst (sGRB), exhibited prolonged X-ray emission following the prompt phase and, in optical and infrared (IR) bands, an unusual one-day plateau succeeded by a rapid decline. This sGRB was observed by multiple satellites and ground-based observatories across the electromagnetic spectrum. This study presents temporal and spectral analyses from radio to gamma-ray frequencies, spanning several observation periods beginning after the trigger and continuing for nearly 2 days. The results of the temporal and spectral analyses of the prompt episode, the extended X-ray component, and the afterglow phase are consistent with a millisecond magnetar undergoing accretion. The long-lasting X-ray emission is attributed to the internal energy dissipation of the magnetar spin-down power, governed by the magnetization parameter; the extended optical/IR plateau to synchrotron afterglow emission with energy injection; and the steep decay to changes in microphysical parameters during the post-jet break phase. The X-ray observations are consistent with the superposition of spin-down luminosity and synchrotron afterglow scenario. These findings suggest that the compact-object remnant is most likely a long-lived magnetar. |
| title | GRB~250704B/EP250704a a Short Gamma-Ray Burst Powered by a Magnetar |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.15732 |