Accuracy and Efficiency Benchmarks of Pretrained Machine Learning Potentials for Molecular Simulations

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Eastman, Peter, Pretti, Evan, Markland, Thomas E.
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Eastman, Peter
Pretti, Evan
Markland, Thomas E.
author_facet Eastman, Peter
Pretti, Evan
Markland, Thomas E.
contents The rapid development of pretrained Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials (MLIPs) that cover a wide range of molecular species has made it challenging to select the best model for a given application. We benchmark 15 pretrained MLIPs, evaluating each one on accuracy, speed, memory use, and ability to produce stable simulations. This provides an objective basis for practitioners to select the most appropriate MLIP for their own simulations, and offers insight into which factors most strongly influence model accuracy. We find that the number of model parameters and the size of the training set are both strongly correlated with accuracy, but observe no benefit from including explicit Coulomb energy terms. Speed and memory use are determined as much by the model architecture as by the size of the model.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_16331
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Accuracy and Efficiency Benchmarks of Pretrained Machine Learning Potentials for Molecular Simulations
Eastman, Peter
Pretti, Evan
Markland, Thomas E.
Chemical Physics
The rapid development of pretrained Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials (MLIPs) that cover a wide range of molecular species has made it challenging to select the best model for a given application. We benchmark 15 pretrained MLIPs, evaluating each one on accuracy, speed, memory use, and ability to produce stable simulations. This provides an objective basis for practitioners to select the most appropriate MLIP for their own simulations, and offers insight into which factors most strongly influence model accuracy. We find that the number of model parameters and the size of the training set are both strongly correlated with accuracy, but observe no benefit from including explicit Coulomb energy terms. Speed and memory use are determined as much by the model architecture as by the size of the model.
title Accuracy and Efficiency Benchmarks of Pretrained Machine Learning Potentials for Molecular Simulations
topic Chemical Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16331