Enhanced Terahertz Photoresponse via Acoustic Plasmon Cavity Resonances in Scalable Graphene
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866912843357487104 |
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| author | De Fazio, Domenico Castilla, Sebastián Soundarapandian, Karuppasamy P. Slipchenko, Tetiana Vangelidis, Ioannis Marconi, Simone Bertini, Riccardo Petrica, Vlad Hao, Yang Principi, Alessandro Lidorikis, Elefterios Kumar, Roshan K. Martín-Moreno, Luis Koppens, Frank H. L. |
| author_facet | De Fazio, Domenico Castilla, Sebastián Soundarapandian, Karuppasamy P. Slipchenko, Tetiana Vangelidis, Ioannis Marconi, Simone Bertini, Riccardo Petrica, Vlad Hao, Yang Principi, Alessandro Lidorikis, Elefterios Kumar, Roshan K. Martín-Moreno, Luis Koppens, Frank H. L. |
| contents | Precise control and nanoscale confinement of terahertz (THz) fields are essential requirements for emerging applications in photonics, quantum technologies, wireless communications, and sensing. Here, we demonstrate a polaritonic cavity enhanced THz photoresponse in an antenna coupled device based on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) monolayer graphene. The dipole antenna lobes simultaneously serve as two gate electrodes, concentrate the impinging THz field, and efficiently launch acoustic graphene plasmons (AGPs), which drive a strong photo-thermoelectric (PTE) signal. Between 6 and 90 K, the photovoltage exhibits pronounced peaks, modulating the PTE response by up to 40\%, that we attribute to AGPs forming a Fabry Pérot THz cavity in the full or half graphene channel. Combined full wave and transport thermal simulations accurately reproduce the gate controlled plasmon wavelength, spatial absorption profile, and the resulting nonuniform electron heating responsible for the PTE response. The lateral and vertical maximum confinement factors of the AGP wavelength relative to the incident wavelength are 165 and 4000, respectively, for frequencies from 1.83 to 2.52 THz. These results demonstrate that wafer scalable CVD graphene, without hBN encapsulation, can host coherent AGP resonances and exhibit an efficient polaritonic enhanced photoresponse under appropriate gating, antenna coupling, and AGP cavity design, opening a route to scalable, polarization and frequency selective, liquid nitrogen cooled, and low power consumption THz detection platforms based on plasmon thermoelectric transduction. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_16604 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Enhanced Terahertz Photoresponse via Acoustic Plasmon Cavity Resonances in Scalable Graphene De Fazio, Domenico Castilla, Sebastián Soundarapandian, Karuppasamy P. Slipchenko, Tetiana Vangelidis, Ioannis Marconi, Simone Bertini, Riccardo Petrica, Vlad Hao, Yang Principi, Alessandro Lidorikis, Elefterios Kumar, Roshan K. Martín-Moreno, Luis Koppens, Frank H. L. Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Applied Physics Optics Precise control and nanoscale confinement of terahertz (THz) fields are essential requirements for emerging applications in photonics, quantum technologies, wireless communications, and sensing. Here, we demonstrate a polaritonic cavity enhanced THz photoresponse in an antenna coupled device based on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) monolayer graphene. The dipole antenna lobes simultaneously serve as two gate electrodes, concentrate the impinging THz field, and efficiently launch acoustic graphene plasmons (AGPs), which drive a strong photo-thermoelectric (PTE) signal. Between 6 and 90 K, the photovoltage exhibits pronounced peaks, modulating the PTE response by up to 40\%, that we attribute to AGPs forming a Fabry Pérot THz cavity in the full or half graphene channel. Combined full wave and transport thermal simulations accurately reproduce the gate controlled plasmon wavelength, spatial absorption profile, and the resulting nonuniform electron heating responsible for the PTE response. The lateral and vertical maximum confinement factors of the AGP wavelength relative to the incident wavelength are 165 and 4000, respectively, for frequencies from 1.83 to 2.52 THz. These results demonstrate that wafer scalable CVD graphene, without hBN encapsulation, can host coherent AGP resonances and exhibit an efficient polaritonic enhanced photoresponse under appropriate gating, antenna coupling, and AGP cavity design, opening a route to scalable, polarization and frequency selective, liquid nitrogen cooled, and low power consumption THz detection platforms based on plasmon thermoelectric transduction. |
| title | Enhanced Terahertz Photoresponse via Acoustic Plasmon Cavity Resonances in Scalable Graphene |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Applied Physics Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16604 |