Co-Designing Digital Humans for Online Learning: A Framework for Human-AI Pedagogical Integration

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Lei, Xiaokang, Pang, Ching Christie, Jiang, Yuyang, Tong, Xin, Hui, Pan
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Lei, Xiaokang
Pang, Ching Christie
Jiang, Yuyang
Tong, Xin
Hui, Pan
author_facet Lei, Xiaokang
Pang, Ching Christie
Jiang, Yuyang
Tong, Xin
Hui, Pan
contents Artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) are reshaping education, with virtual avatars emerging as digital teachers capable of enhancing engagement, sustaining attention, and addressing instructor shortages. Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for equitable quality education, these technologies hold promise yet lack clear guidelines for effective design and implementation in online learning. To fill this gap, we introduce a framework specifying when, what, and how digital teachers should be integrated. Our study combines (1) a design space analysis of 87 works across AI, educational technology, design, and HCI, (2) a survey of 132 learners' practices and preferences, and (3) three co-design workshops with 18 experts from pedagogy, design, and AI. It provides actionable guidance for educators, designers, and HCI researchers, advancing opportunities to build more engaging, equitable, and effective online learning environments powered by digital teachers.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_17434
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Co-Designing Digital Humans for Online Learning: A Framework for Human-AI Pedagogical Integration
Lei, Xiaokang
Pang, Ching Christie
Jiang, Yuyang
Tong, Xin
Hui, Pan
Human-Computer Interaction
Artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) are reshaping education, with virtual avatars emerging as digital teachers capable of enhancing engagement, sustaining attention, and addressing instructor shortages. Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for equitable quality education, these technologies hold promise yet lack clear guidelines for effective design and implementation in online learning. To fill this gap, we introduce a framework specifying when, what, and how digital teachers should be integrated. Our study combines (1) a design space analysis of 87 works across AI, educational technology, design, and HCI, (2) a survey of 132 learners' practices and preferences, and (3) three co-design workshops with 18 experts from pedagogy, design, and AI. It provides actionable guidance for educators, designers, and HCI researchers, advancing opportunities to build more engaging, equitable, and effective online learning environments powered by digital teachers.
title Co-Designing Digital Humans for Online Learning: A Framework for Human-AI Pedagogical Integration
topic Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17434