Gluon Generalized TMD signatures at the EIC from exclusive heavy (axial-)vector meson production
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Bhattacharya, Shohini DeAngelo, David Yang, Lei Zheng, Duxin Zhou, Jian |
| author_facet | Bhattacharya, Shohini DeAngelo, David Yang, Lei Zheng, Duxin Zhou, Jian |
| contents | Potential experimental signatures of gluon generalized transverse momentum-dependent distributions (GTMDs) are proposed via exclusive heavy (axial-)vector meson production in lepton-proton collisions. Within the framework of collinear twist-3 factorization, we show that specific azimuthal-angle-dependent observables can provide sensitivity to the gluon GTMDs $F_{1,4}^g$ and $G_{1,1}^g$, which are related to partonic orbital angular momentum and spin-orbit correlations, respectively. These functions represent a unique sector of nucleon structure with no counterparts in the generalized parton distribution or transverse-momentum-dependent frameworks. We show that interference between different virtual-photon polarizations leads to distinct azimuthal modulations, including the polarization-independent $\cos 2ϕ$ and polarization-dependent $\sin 2ϕ$ terms, with $ϕ$ defined as the angle between the lepton scattering plane and the hadron production plane. These observables provide signatures of the elusive gluon GTMDs $F_{1,4}^g$ and $G_{1,1}^g$, opening a new channel to access the spin structure of the nucleon at the future Electron-Ion Collider. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_17506 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Gluon Generalized TMD signatures at the EIC from exclusive heavy (axial-)vector meson production Bhattacharya, Shohini DeAngelo, David Yang, Lei Zheng, Duxin Zhou, Jian High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment Potential experimental signatures of gluon generalized transverse momentum-dependent distributions (GTMDs) are proposed via exclusive heavy (axial-)vector meson production in lepton-proton collisions. Within the framework of collinear twist-3 factorization, we show that specific azimuthal-angle-dependent observables can provide sensitivity to the gluon GTMDs $F_{1,4}^g$ and $G_{1,1}^g$, which are related to partonic orbital angular momentum and spin-orbit correlations, respectively. These functions represent a unique sector of nucleon structure with no counterparts in the generalized parton distribution or transverse-momentum-dependent frameworks. We show that interference between different virtual-photon polarizations leads to distinct azimuthal modulations, including the polarization-independent $\cos 2ϕ$ and polarization-dependent $\sin 2ϕ$ terms, with $ϕ$ defined as the angle between the lepton scattering plane and the hadron production plane. These observables provide signatures of the elusive gluon GTMDs $F_{1,4}^g$ and $G_{1,1}^g$, opening a new channel to access the spin structure of the nucleon at the future Electron-Ion Collider. |
| title | Gluon Generalized TMD signatures at the EIC from exclusive heavy (axial-)vector meson production |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17506 |