Grammar-Aware Literate Generative Mathematical Programming with Compiler-in-the-Loop
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866916057040551936 |
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| author | Rossi, Roberto Prestwich, Steven D. |
| author_facet | Rossi, Roberto Prestwich, Steven D. |
| contents | Mathematical programming is widely employed across various sectors - such as logistics, energy, and workforce planning - to model and solve industrial optimisation problems, but its use requires substantial domain expertise. Large language models offer a promising way to translate natural-language problem descriptions into optimisation models, yet existing approaches are costly and generally produce models written in general-purpose computer code (e.g. Python), which can be difficult to inspect, validate, and reuse. In this work, we introduce SyntAGM, a system that generates optimisation models in a readable algebraic modelling language through an iterative generate-compile-assess-revise loop. SyntAGM leverages PyOPL, an OPL-like modelling language compiler designed to provide actionable feedback for iterative model repair. To obtain a valid PyOPL model that matches the problem description, SyntAGM mobilises compiler feedback and an LLM-based alignment judge. In addition, it combines in-context exposure to the target language grammar, and few-shot retrieval of modelling exemplars. Across multiple benchmarks, SyntAGM achieves a more favourable cost-quality trade-off compared to established prompting baselines. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_17670 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Grammar-Aware Literate Generative Mathematical Programming with Compiler-in-the-Loop Rossi, Roberto Prestwich, Steven D. Programming Languages Artificial Intelligence Mathematical programming is widely employed across various sectors - such as logistics, energy, and workforce planning - to model and solve industrial optimisation problems, but its use requires substantial domain expertise. Large language models offer a promising way to translate natural-language problem descriptions into optimisation models, yet existing approaches are costly and generally produce models written in general-purpose computer code (e.g. Python), which can be difficult to inspect, validate, and reuse. In this work, we introduce SyntAGM, a system that generates optimisation models in a readable algebraic modelling language through an iterative generate-compile-assess-revise loop. SyntAGM leverages PyOPL, an OPL-like modelling language compiler designed to provide actionable feedback for iterative model repair. To obtain a valid PyOPL model that matches the problem description, SyntAGM mobilises compiler feedback and an LLM-based alignment judge. In addition, it combines in-context exposure to the target language grammar, and few-shot retrieval of modelling exemplars. Across multiple benchmarks, SyntAGM achieves a more favourable cost-quality trade-off compared to established prompting baselines. |
| title | Grammar-Aware Literate Generative Mathematical Programming with Compiler-in-the-Loop |
| topic | Programming Languages Artificial Intelligence |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17670 |