Realisation of a Protected Cat-Qutrit Manifold via Engineered Quantum Tunnelling
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866910164877049856 |
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| author | Kwon, Sangil Hoshi, Daisuke Nagase, Toshiaki Sugiyama, Daichi Mukai, Hiroto Takemura, Kengo Kojima, Rintaro Zhou, Yu Watabe, Shohei Yoshihara, Fumiki Tsai, Jaw-Shen |
| author_facet | Kwon, Sangil Hoshi, Daisuke Nagase, Toshiaki Sugiyama, Daichi Mukai, Hiroto Takemura, Kengo Kojima, Rintaro Zhou, Yu Watabe, Shohei Yoshihara, Fumiki Tsai, Jaw-Shen |
| contents | Engineering quantum tunnelling in phase space has emerged as a viable method for creating a protected logical qubit manifold with biased-noise properties. A promising approach is to combine a Kerr nonlinearity with a multi-photon drive, resulting in a system known as a Kerr parametric oscillator (KPO). In this work, we implement a three-photon KPO and explore its potential as a protected bosonic qutrit. We confirm quantum coherence by demonstrating three-photon Rabi oscillations and performing direct Wigner function measurements that reveal the formation of three-component cat-like states. Crucially, we observe a breathing-like dynamic in phase space, a characteristic feature of driven quantum systems. This dynamic arises from macroscopic temporal interference between the cat-qutrit manifold and the excited states. The frequency of resulting oscillations in the mean photon number provides a direct, time-domain measurement of the energy gap separating the qutrit from the excited states, thereby establishing an experimental hallmark of qutrit manifold protection. Furthermore, we identify a parasitic higher-order pump term as the primary mechanism constraining the mean photon number, highlighting its mitigation as a requisite for maximising protection. Our findings elucidate the basic quantum properties of the three-photon KPO and establish the first step towards its use as an alternative qutrit platform. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_17675 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Realisation of a Protected Cat-Qutrit Manifold via Engineered Quantum Tunnelling Kwon, Sangil Hoshi, Daisuke Nagase, Toshiaki Sugiyama, Daichi Mukai, Hiroto Takemura, Kengo Kojima, Rintaro Zhou, Yu Watabe, Shohei Yoshihara, Fumiki Tsai, Jaw-Shen Quantum Physics Engineering quantum tunnelling in phase space has emerged as a viable method for creating a protected logical qubit manifold with biased-noise properties. A promising approach is to combine a Kerr nonlinearity with a multi-photon drive, resulting in a system known as a Kerr parametric oscillator (KPO). In this work, we implement a three-photon KPO and explore its potential as a protected bosonic qutrit. We confirm quantum coherence by demonstrating three-photon Rabi oscillations and performing direct Wigner function measurements that reveal the formation of three-component cat-like states. Crucially, we observe a breathing-like dynamic in phase space, a characteristic feature of driven quantum systems. This dynamic arises from macroscopic temporal interference between the cat-qutrit manifold and the excited states. The frequency of resulting oscillations in the mean photon number provides a direct, time-domain measurement of the energy gap separating the qutrit from the excited states, thereby establishing an experimental hallmark of qutrit manifold protection. Furthermore, we identify a parasitic higher-order pump term as the primary mechanism constraining the mean photon number, highlighting its mitigation as a requisite for maximising protection. Our findings elucidate the basic quantum properties of the three-photon KPO and establish the first step towards its use as an alternative qutrit platform. |
| title | Realisation of a Protected Cat-Qutrit Manifold via Engineered Quantum Tunnelling |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17675 |