A rigorous and complete security proof of decoy-state BB84 quantum key distribution
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866918305001897984 |
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| author | Tupkary, Devashish Nahar, Shlok Arqand, Amir Tan, Ernest Y. -Z. Lütkenhaus, Norbert |
| author_facet | Tupkary, Devashish Nahar, Shlok Arqand, Amir Tan, Ernest Y. -Z. Lütkenhaus, Norbert |
| contents | We present a rigorous and complete security proof of the decoy-state BB84 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol. Our analysis aims to achieve a high standard of mathematical rigour and completeness, thereby providing the necessary foundation for certification and standardization efforts. Beyond establishing the security of a specific protocol, this work develops a general and modular framework that can be readily adapted to a broad class of QKD protocols, including both prepare-and-measure and entanglement-based variants. Our framework unifies all major ingredients required for the analysis of realistic QKD protocols, including the analysis of classical authentication and classical processing, source-replacement schemes, finite-size analysis, source maps, squashing maps, and decoy-state techniques. In doing so, this work consolidates a diverse range of techniques scattered across the QKD literature into a unified formalism, representing a general and rigorous treatment of QKD security. Finally, it outlines a clear path towards incorporating practical imperfections within the same framework, thereby laying the groundwork for addressing implementation security in future analysis. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_18035 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A rigorous and complete security proof of decoy-state BB84 quantum key distribution Tupkary, Devashish Nahar, Shlok Arqand, Amir Tan, Ernest Y. -Z. Lütkenhaus, Norbert Quantum Physics We present a rigorous and complete security proof of the decoy-state BB84 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol. Our analysis aims to achieve a high standard of mathematical rigour and completeness, thereby providing the necessary foundation for certification and standardization efforts. Beyond establishing the security of a specific protocol, this work develops a general and modular framework that can be readily adapted to a broad class of QKD protocols, including both prepare-and-measure and entanglement-based variants. Our framework unifies all major ingredients required for the analysis of realistic QKD protocols, including the analysis of classical authentication and classical processing, source-replacement schemes, finite-size analysis, source maps, squashing maps, and decoy-state techniques. In doing so, this work consolidates a diverse range of techniques scattered across the QKD literature into a unified formalism, representing a general and rigorous treatment of QKD security. Finally, it outlines a clear path towards incorporating practical imperfections within the same framework, thereby laying the groundwork for addressing implementation security in future analysis. |
| title | A rigorous and complete security proof of decoy-state BB84 quantum key distribution |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.18035 |