Design of a Miniature Kibble Balance for Kilogram-Scale Mass Calibration -- KBmini
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866910000823140352 |
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| author | Li, Shisong Li, Nanjia Liu, Weibo Qupasie, Elsayed E. E. Zhao, Wei Huang, Songling |
| author_facet | Li, Shisong Li, Nanjia Liu, Weibo Qupasie, Elsayed E. E. Zhao, Wei Huang, Songling |
| contents | Tabletop version Kibble balances are a significant developing trend for mass realizations following the revised International System of Units. A key innovation through the miniaturization of the Kibble balance from a large-scale instrument into a tabletop device is making the quantum-based realization of mass accessible to a wider range of calibration laboratories and industries. This paper presents a tabletop Kibble balance design at Tsinghua University targeting E2-accuracy class mass calibrations from 1 g to 1 kg. For calibrating a mass of 1 kg, for instance, the required relative standard measurement uncertainty must be below 0.27 ppm to meet E2-accuracy class. Major components and features of the proposed system are discussed. A novel method of multi-harmonic excitation is proposed to improve the coil-motion linearity during velocity measurement. We show that injecting odd-order harmonics into the motion-driving current can significantly improve the uniformity of the coil's moving velocity, while the second-order component can address the asymmetry between upward and downward movements. This achieves a flat velocity $Δv/v< 5\%$ over 60% of the motion cycle. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_18054 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Design of a Miniature Kibble Balance for Kilogram-Scale Mass Calibration -- KBmini Li, Shisong Li, Nanjia Liu, Weibo Qupasie, Elsayed E. E. Zhao, Wei Huang, Songling Instrumentation and Detectors Tabletop version Kibble balances are a significant developing trend for mass realizations following the revised International System of Units. A key innovation through the miniaturization of the Kibble balance from a large-scale instrument into a tabletop device is making the quantum-based realization of mass accessible to a wider range of calibration laboratories and industries. This paper presents a tabletop Kibble balance design at Tsinghua University targeting E2-accuracy class mass calibrations from 1 g to 1 kg. For calibrating a mass of 1 kg, for instance, the required relative standard measurement uncertainty must be below 0.27 ppm to meet E2-accuracy class. Major components and features of the proposed system are discussed. A novel method of multi-harmonic excitation is proposed to improve the coil-motion linearity during velocity measurement. We show that injecting odd-order harmonics into the motion-driving current can significantly improve the uniformity of the coil's moving velocity, while the second-order component can address the asymmetry between upward and downward movements. This achieves a flat velocity $Δv/v< 5\%$ over 60% of the motion cycle. |
| title | Design of a Miniature Kibble Balance for Kilogram-Scale Mass Calibration -- KBmini |
| topic | Instrumentation and Detectors |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.18054 |