The Solar Neighborhood LIV: 54 Orbits of M Dwarf Multiples within 30 Parsecs with Speckle Interferometry at SOAR
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866911401597992960 |
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| author | Vrijmoet, Eliot Halley Tokovinin, Andrei Henry, Todd J. Winters, Jennifer G. Jao, Wei-Chun Horch, Elliott |
| author_facet | Vrijmoet, Eliot Halley Tokovinin, Andrei Henry, Todd J. Winters, Jennifer G. Jao, Wei-Chun Horch, Elliott |
| contents | We present 1066 speckle measurements of M dwarf multiples observed over 2021-2024, all taken with HRCam on the Southern Astrophysical Research 4.1 m telescope. Among these, 900 observations resolve companions in 212 pairs, with separations spanning 17 milliarcseconds to 3.4 arcsec and brightness differences ranging from 0 to 4.9 magnitudes in the I filter. We have characterized the orbits of 54 of these companions, spanning periods of 0.67-30 yr, by combining our data with literature astrometry, radial velocities, and, in four cases, Hipparcos-Gaia accelerations. Among the orbits presented here are 28 that are the first-ever such characterizations for their systems, and 26 that revise previously-published orbits, thus providing a significant update to the observed dynamics of M dwarfs in the solar neighborhood. From these orbits, we provide new and updated dynamical total masses for these systems, precise to 0.7-7% in nearly all cases. Future mass derivations for components in these systems will contribute to efforts in refining the mass-luminosity relation for the smallest stars, and will enhance investigations of age, magnetism, and metallicity effects on luminosities at a given mass. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_18905 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Solar Neighborhood LIV: 54 Orbits of M Dwarf Multiples within 30 Parsecs with Speckle Interferometry at SOAR Vrijmoet, Eliot Halley Tokovinin, Andrei Henry, Todd J. Winters, Jennifer G. Jao, Wei-Chun Horch, Elliott Solar and Stellar Astrophysics We present 1066 speckle measurements of M dwarf multiples observed over 2021-2024, all taken with HRCam on the Southern Astrophysical Research 4.1 m telescope. Among these, 900 observations resolve companions in 212 pairs, with separations spanning 17 milliarcseconds to 3.4 arcsec and brightness differences ranging from 0 to 4.9 magnitudes in the I filter. We have characterized the orbits of 54 of these companions, spanning periods of 0.67-30 yr, by combining our data with literature astrometry, radial velocities, and, in four cases, Hipparcos-Gaia accelerations. Among the orbits presented here are 28 that are the first-ever such characterizations for their systems, and 26 that revise previously-published orbits, thus providing a significant update to the observed dynamics of M dwarfs in the solar neighborhood. From these orbits, we provide new and updated dynamical total masses for these systems, precise to 0.7-7% in nearly all cases. Future mass derivations for components in these systems will contribute to efforts in refining the mass-luminosity relation for the smallest stars, and will enhance investigations of age, magnetism, and metallicity effects on luminosities at a given mass. |
| title | The Solar Neighborhood LIV: 54 Orbits of M Dwarf Multiples within 30 Parsecs with Speckle Interferometry at SOAR |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.18905 |