Multiwavelength Analysis of Six Luminous, Fast Blue Optical Transients
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2026
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| author | Sevilla, Cassie Ho, Anna Y. Q. J., Nayana A. Schulze, Steve Perley, Daniel A. Bremer, Michael Andreoni, Igor Altunin, Ivan Brink, Thomas G. Chandra, Poonam Chen, Ping Chrimes, Ashley A. Coughlin, Michael W. Das, Kaustav K. Drake, Andrew Filippenko, Alexei V. Fremling, Christoffer Freeburn, James Yam, Avishay Gal Gerhart, Mary Graham, Matthew J. Helou, George Hinds, K-Ryan Johnson, Natalya Kasliwal, Mansi M. Kumar, Harsh Laher, Russ R. LeBaron, Natalie Li, Maggie L. Liu, Chang Margalit, Ben Qin, Yu-Jing Rehemtulla, Nabeel Risin, Sophia Rose, Sam Roy, Rupak Rusholme, Ben Schroeder, Genevieve Sollerman, Jesper Wang, Kailai Wise, Jacob L. Yang, Yi Yao, Yuhan Zheng, WeiKang |
| author_facet | Sevilla, Cassie Ho, Anna Y. Q. J., Nayana A. Schulze, Steve Perley, Daniel A. Bremer, Michael Andreoni, Igor Altunin, Ivan Brink, Thomas G. Chandra, Poonam Chen, Ping Chrimes, Ashley A. Coughlin, Michael W. Das, Kaustav K. Drake, Andrew Filippenko, Alexei V. Fremling, Christoffer Freeburn, James Yam, Avishay Gal Gerhart, Mary Graham, Matthew J. Helou, George Hinds, K-Ryan Johnson, Natalya Kasliwal, Mansi M. Kumar, Harsh Laher, Russ R. LeBaron, Natalie Li, Maggie L. Liu, Chang Margalit, Ben Qin, Yu-Jing Rehemtulla, Nabeel Risin, Sophia Rose, Sam Roy, Rupak Rusholme, Ben Schroeder, Genevieve Sollerman, Jesper Wang, Kailai Wise, Jacob L. Yang, Yi Yao, Yuhan Zheng, WeiKang |
| contents | We present multiwavelength observations and analysis of six luminous fast blue optical transients (LFBOTs) discovered in Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) survey data. We identified these LFBOTs from their fast light-curve evolution ($t_{1/2}\leq 12 $d), blue colors at peak brightness ($g-r\leq-0.5 $mag), a visible host galaxy, high optical luminosity ($M_g<-20$), and an X-ray or radio detection.
With the exception of AT2024aehp (ZTF24abygbss), these transients exhibit peaks in their $10\,$GHz radio light curves at $t_{\text{rest}} \approx 50-100$ d, with peak radio luminosities ranging from $10^{38}-10^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Modeling the radio emission as synchrotron radiation indicates a fast ($v=0.1-0.3c$) shock in a dense ($n_e\approx10^{3}-10^{4}$ cm$^{-3}$) medium. The X-ray emission varies by $\approx2$ orders of magnitude in luminosity ($10^{42}-10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$) at $t_{\text{rest}}\sim20 $d.
Analysis of the host-galaxy photometry and spectroscopy for each transient shows that they are predominantly nonnuclear (a few kpc offset) with star-forming host galaxies of stellar masses $10^{9}-10^{11} ,M_\odot$.
Unlike all other LFBOTs to date, AT2024aehp exhibited a luminous ($M<-19 $mag) plateau in the optical light curve; spectra during this plateau phase showed a featureless blue continuum. The $6-15$ GHz radio emission of AT2024aehp brightened by over an order of magnitude from $t_{\text{rest}} \approx70 $d to $t_{\mathrm{rest}} \approx130 $d.
The mostly consistent radio behavior between optically selected LFBOTs implies a similar circumburst medium, leading us to prefer a progenitor scenario in which mass is lost in a consistent way shortly prior to the terminal event, such as a massive star merging with a compact object. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_18926 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Multiwavelength Analysis of Six Luminous, Fast Blue Optical Transients Sevilla, Cassie Ho, Anna Y. Q. J., Nayana A. Schulze, Steve Perley, Daniel A. Bremer, Michael Andreoni, Igor Altunin, Ivan Brink, Thomas G. Chandra, Poonam Chen, Ping Chrimes, Ashley A. Coughlin, Michael W. Das, Kaustav K. Drake, Andrew Filippenko, Alexei V. Fremling, Christoffer Freeburn, James Yam, Avishay Gal Gerhart, Mary Graham, Matthew J. Helou, George Hinds, K-Ryan Johnson, Natalya Kasliwal, Mansi M. Kumar, Harsh Laher, Russ R. LeBaron, Natalie Li, Maggie L. Liu, Chang Margalit, Ben Qin, Yu-Jing Rehemtulla, Nabeel Risin, Sophia Rose, Sam Roy, Rupak Rusholme, Ben Schroeder, Genevieve Sollerman, Jesper Wang, Kailai Wise, Jacob L. Yang, Yi Yao, Yuhan Zheng, WeiKang High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Astrophysics of Galaxies We present multiwavelength observations and analysis of six luminous fast blue optical transients (LFBOTs) discovered in Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) survey data. We identified these LFBOTs from their fast light-curve evolution ($t_{1/2}\leq 12 $d), blue colors at peak brightness ($g-r\leq-0.5 $mag), a visible host galaxy, high optical luminosity ($M_g<-20$), and an X-ray or radio detection. With the exception of AT2024aehp (ZTF24abygbss), these transients exhibit peaks in their $10\,$GHz radio light curves at $t_{\text{rest}} \approx 50-100$ d, with peak radio luminosities ranging from $10^{38}-10^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Modeling the radio emission as synchrotron radiation indicates a fast ($v=0.1-0.3c$) shock in a dense ($n_e\approx10^{3}-10^{4}$ cm$^{-3}$) medium. The X-ray emission varies by $\approx2$ orders of magnitude in luminosity ($10^{42}-10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$) at $t_{\text{rest}}\sim20 $d. Analysis of the host-galaxy photometry and spectroscopy for each transient shows that they are predominantly nonnuclear (a few kpc offset) with star-forming host galaxies of stellar masses $10^{9}-10^{11} ,M_\odot$. Unlike all other LFBOTs to date, AT2024aehp exhibited a luminous ($M<-19 $mag) plateau in the optical light curve; spectra during this plateau phase showed a featureless blue continuum. The $6-15$ GHz radio emission of AT2024aehp brightened by over an order of magnitude from $t_{\text{rest}} \approx70 $d to $t_{\mathrm{rest}} \approx130 $d. The mostly consistent radio behavior between optically selected LFBOTs implies a similar circumburst medium, leading us to prefer a progenitor scenario in which mass is lost in a consistent way shortly prior to the terminal event, such as a massive star merging with a compact object. |
| title | Multiwavelength Analysis of Six Luminous, Fast Blue Optical Transients |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.18926 |