Development of Low-Noise Two-stage dc-SQUID for TES Detector Readout
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914285056163840 |
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| author | Li, Nan Song, Mengjie Hu, Sixiao Wu, Wentao Liu, Songqing Kuang, Tangchong Gu, Yudong Ren, Xiangxiang Li, Xufang Gao, He Li, Zhengwei Liu, Congzhan |
| author_facet | Li, Nan Song, Mengjie Hu, Sixiao Wu, Wentao Liu, Songqing Kuang, Tangchong Gu, Yudong Ren, Xiangxiang Li, Xufang Gao, He Li, Zhengwei Liu, Congzhan |
| contents | Direct-current superconducting quantum interference devices (dc-SQUIDs) are one of the most sensitive magnetic detectors. These sensors are extensively used in the readout of superconducting transition edge sensors (TESs), which are used for the detection of weak signals. A cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization telescope operating in 22-48 GHz is currently under developing. The TESs calorimeter of the telescope will be readout by a time-division multiplexer (TDM) SQUID readout system. We develop a two-stage dc-SQUID amplifier circuit, comprising an input-stage SQUID with 4 SQUID cells and a series SQUID array (SSA) with 100 SQUID cells. This configuration has been shown to achieve extremely high signal gain while effectively controlling system noise. We assess the system noise at $300$ $mK$ in an adiabatic demagnetisation refrigerator (ADR). The the measured magnetic flux noise of the two-stage SQUID circuit system is approximately $0.3$ $μΦ_{0}/\sqrt{Hz}$ at $10$ $kHz$. The current noise equivalent to the input coil of input SQUID is about $2.4$ $pA/\sqrt{Hz}$. This result meets the low-noise readout requirements of the CMB TES and other applications with TES detectors. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_19565 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Development of Low-Noise Two-stage dc-SQUID for TES Detector Readout Li, Nan Song, Mengjie Hu, Sixiao Wu, Wentao Liu, Songqing Kuang, Tangchong Gu, Yudong Ren, Xiangxiang Li, Xufang Gao, He Li, Zhengwei Liu, Congzhan Instrumentation and Detectors Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Direct-current superconducting quantum interference devices (dc-SQUIDs) are one of the most sensitive magnetic detectors. These sensors are extensively used in the readout of superconducting transition edge sensors (TESs), which are used for the detection of weak signals. A cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization telescope operating in 22-48 GHz is currently under developing. The TESs calorimeter of the telescope will be readout by a time-division multiplexer (TDM) SQUID readout system. We develop a two-stage dc-SQUID amplifier circuit, comprising an input-stage SQUID with 4 SQUID cells and a series SQUID array (SSA) with 100 SQUID cells. This configuration has been shown to achieve extremely high signal gain while effectively controlling system noise. We assess the system noise at $300$ $mK$ in an adiabatic demagnetisation refrigerator (ADR). The the measured magnetic flux noise of the two-stage SQUID circuit system is approximately $0.3$ $μΦ_{0}/\sqrt{Hz}$ at $10$ $kHz$. The current noise equivalent to the input coil of input SQUID is about $2.4$ $pA/\sqrt{Hz}$. This result meets the low-noise readout requirements of the CMB TES and other applications with TES detectors. |
| title | Development of Low-Noise Two-stage dc-SQUID for TES Detector Readout |
| topic | Instrumentation and Detectors Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.19565 |