Numerical simulations of simultaneous pair-drop impacts and their energetics
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866912853548597248 |
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| author | Zhang, Ziyao Castrejon-Pita, Alfonso A. Mostert, Wouter |
| author_facet | Zhang, Ziyao Castrejon-Pita, Alfonso A. Mostert, Wouter |
| contents | We present three-dimensional direct numerical simulations of the simultaneous impact of two identical drops on an hydrophobic substrate, varying the relative strength of capillary and viscous effects respectively through Weber and Reynolds numbers of impact. The interaction between the two drops is characterized by the appearance of a lamella arising from the collision of the two droplets' spreading rims. We examine the width, the height, and the general morphological evolution of the central sheet; the numerical data is validated against prior experiments and used to guide the development of an energetic model for the maximum elevation of the central sheet. In particular, the rise of the central sheet resembles the spreading behaviour single-drop impacts, especially at high Weber and Reynolds numbers. This fact can be used to estimate scalings in the capillary- and viscous-dominated regimes, which can be used to collapse the trajectories. These insights provide a route for a more complete understanding of the dynamics for the central rising sheet, and anticipate the detailed study of its fragmentation characteristics |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_19835 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Numerical simulations of simultaneous pair-drop impacts and their energetics Zhang, Ziyao Castrejon-Pita, Alfonso A. Mostert, Wouter Fluid Dynamics We present three-dimensional direct numerical simulations of the simultaneous impact of two identical drops on an hydrophobic substrate, varying the relative strength of capillary and viscous effects respectively through Weber and Reynolds numbers of impact. The interaction between the two drops is characterized by the appearance of a lamella arising from the collision of the two droplets' spreading rims. We examine the width, the height, and the general morphological evolution of the central sheet; the numerical data is validated against prior experiments and used to guide the development of an energetic model for the maximum elevation of the central sheet. In particular, the rise of the central sheet resembles the spreading behaviour single-drop impacts, especially at high Weber and Reynolds numbers. This fact can be used to estimate scalings in the capillary- and viscous-dominated regimes, which can be used to collapse the trajectories. These insights provide a route for a more complete understanding of the dynamics for the central rising sheet, and anticipate the detailed study of its fragmentation characteristics |
| title | Numerical simulations of simultaneous pair-drop impacts and their energetics |
| topic | Fluid Dynamics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.19835 |