APA (7th ed.) Citation

Qiao, Y., Pan, L., Mi, Y., Liu, L., Shen, Y., Sun, F., & Chu, Z. (2026). Lowest Span Confidence: A Zero-Shot Metric for Efficient and Black-Box Hallucination Detection in LLMs.

Chicago Style (17th ed.) Citation

Qiao, Yitong, Licheng Pan, Yu Mi, Lei Liu, Yue Shen, Fei Sun, and Zhixuan Chu. Lowest Span Confidence: A Zero-Shot Metric for Efficient and Black-Box Hallucination Detection in LLMs. 2026.

MLA (9th ed.) Citation

Qiao, Yitong, et al. Lowest Span Confidence: A Zero-Shot Metric for Efficient and Black-Box Hallucination Detection in LLMs. 2026.