Quickest Change Detection in Discrete-Time in Presence of a Covert Adversary

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Hauptverfasser: Ramtin, Amir Reza, Nain, Philippe, Towsley, Don
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Ramtin, Amir Reza
Nain, Philippe
Towsley, Don
author_facet Ramtin, Amir Reza
Nain, Philippe
Towsley, Don
contents We study the problem of covert quickest change detection in a discrete-time setting, where a sequence of observations undergoes a distributional change at an unknown time. Unlike classical formulations, we consider a covert adversary who has knowledge of the detector's false alarm constraint parameter $γ$ and selects a stationary post-change distribution that depends on it, seeking to remain undetected for as long as possible. Building on the theoretical foundations of the CuSum procedure, we rigorously characterize the asymptotic behavior of the average detection delay (ADD) and the average time to false alarm (AT2FA) when the post-change distribution converges to the pre-change distribution as $γ\to \infty$. Our analysis establishes exact asymptotic expressions for these quantities, extending and refining classical results that no longer hold in this regime. We identify the critical scaling laws governing covert behavior and derive explicit conditions under which an adversary can maintain covertness, defined by ADD = $Θ(γ)$, whereas in the classical setting, ADD grows only as $\mathcal{O}(\log γ)$. In particular, for Gaussian and Exponential models under adversarial perturbations of their respective parameters, we asymptotically characterize ADD as a function of the Kullback--Leibler divergence between the pre- and post-change distributions and $γ$.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_20022
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Quickest Change Detection in Discrete-Time in Presence of a Covert Adversary
Ramtin, Amir Reza
Nain, Philippe
Towsley, Don
Information Theory
Cryptography and Security
We study the problem of covert quickest change detection in a discrete-time setting, where a sequence of observations undergoes a distributional change at an unknown time. Unlike classical formulations, we consider a covert adversary who has knowledge of the detector's false alarm constraint parameter $γ$ and selects a stationary post-change distribution that depends on it, seeking to remain undetected for as long as possible. Building on the theoretical foundations of the CuSum procedure, we rigorously characterize the asymptotic behavior of the average detection delay (ADD) and the average time to false alarm (AT2FA) when the post-change distribution converges to the pre-change distribution as $γ\to \infty$. Our analysis establishes exact asymptotic expressions for these quantities, extending and refining classical results that no longer hold in this regime. We identify the critical scaling laws governing covert behavior and derive explicit conditions under which an adversary can maintain covertness, defined by ADD = $Θ(γ)$, whereas in the classical setting, ADD grows only as $\mathcal{O}(\log γ)$. In particular, for Gaussian and Exponential models under adversarial perturbations of their respective parameters, we asymptotically characterize ADD as a function of the Kullback--Leibler divergence between the pre- and post-change distributions and $γ$.
title Quickest Change Detection in Discrete-Time in Presence of a Covert Adversary
topic Information Theory
Cryptography and Security
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.20022