Exploring the properties of the Hadronic Phase in Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC Energies via Partial Chemical Equilibrium
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866918310429327360 |
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| author | Sharma, Rishabh Jena, Chitrasen Vovchenko, Volodymyr |
| author_facet | Sharma, Rishabh Jena, Chitrasen Vovchenko, Volodymyr |
| contents | The hadronic phase in heavy-ion collisions plays a crucial role in shaping the final-state hadron abundances. In this work, we study Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 7.7-200 GeV using the Hadron Resonance Gas model in Partial Chemical Equilibrium (HRG-PCE). By fitting the yields of stable hadrons and short-lived resonances such as K$^*(892)^0$, we extract both chemical and kinetic freeze-out temperatures as functions of center-of-mass energy and centrality. The analysis, performed using the Thermal-FIST package, avoids assumptions about radial flow profile or freeze-out hypersurfaces. Furthermore, we estimate the baryon annihilation freeze-out temperature from the experimentally measured $\bar{\rm p}/$p ratio, using the HRG-PCE framework extended to include $B\bar{B} \leftrightarrow nπ$ reactions. The inferred annihilation freeze-out temperature lies between the chemical and kinetic freeze-out temperatures, suggesting that baryon annihilation remains active in the early hadronic phase but ceases prior to kinetic freeze-out. These results provide a consistent picture of the sequential decoupling of hadronic processes and demonstrate that inelastic hadronic interactions significantly influence the chemical composition of the system between chemical and kinetic freeze-outs at RHIC energies. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_20065 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Exploring the properties of the Hadronic Phase in Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC Energies via Partial Chemical Equilibrium Sharma, Rishabh Jena, Chitrasen Vovchenko, Volodymyr Nuclear Theory High Energy Physics - Experiment High Energy Physics - Phenomenology The hadronic phase in heavy-ion collisions plays a crucial role in shaping the final-state hadron abundances. In this work, we study Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 7.7-200 GeV using the Hadron Resonance Gas model in Partial Chemical Equilibrium (HRG-PCE). By fitting the yields of stable hadrons and short-lived resonances such as K$^*(892)^0$, we extract both chemical and kinetic freeze-out temperatures as functions of center-of-mass energy and centrality. The analysis, performed using the Thermal-FIST package, avoids assumptions about radial flow profile or freeze-out hypersurfaces. Furthermore, we estimate the baryon annihilation freeze-out temperature from the experimentally measured $\bar{\rm p}/$p ratio, using the HRG-PCE framework extended to include $B\bar{B} \leftrightarrow nπ$ reactions. The inferred annihilation freeze-out temperature lies between the chemical and kinetic freeze-out temperatures, suggesting that baryon annihilation remains active in the early hadronic phase but ceases prior to kinetic freeze-out. These results provide a consistent picture of the sequential decoupling of hadronic processes and demonstrate that inelastic hadronic interactions significantly influence the chemical composition of the system between chemical and kinetic freeze-outs at RHIC energies. |
| title | Exploring the properties of the Hadronic Phase in Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC Energies via Partial Chemical Equilibrium |
| topic | Nuclear Theory High Energy Physics - Experiment High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.20065 |