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Autori principali: Carmeli, Boaz, Paradise, Orr, Goldwasser, Shafi, Belinkov, Yonatan, Meir, Ron
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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Accesso online:https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.20641
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author Carmeli, Boaz
Paradise, Orr
Goldwasser, Shafi
Belinkov, Yonatan
Meir, Ron
author_facet Carmeli, Boaz
Paradise, Orr
Goldwasser, Shafi
Belinkov, Yonatan
Meir, Ron
contents We investigate whether \emph{LLM-based agents} can develop task-oriented communication protocols that differ from standard natural language in collaborative reasoning tasks. Our focus is on two core properties such task-oriented protocols may exhibit: Efficiency -- conveying task-relevant information more concisely than natural language, and Covertness -- becoming difficult for external observers to interpret, raising concerns about transparency and control. To investigate these aspects, we use a referential-game framework in which vision-language model (VLM) agents communicate, providing a controlled, measurable setting for evaluating language variants. Experiments show that VLMs can develop effective, task-adapted communication patterns. At the same time, they can develop covert protocols that are difficult for humans and external agents to interpret. We also observe spontaneous coordination between similar models without explicitly shared protocols. These findings highlight both the potential and the risks of task-oriented communication, and position referential games as a valuable testbed for future work in this area.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_20641
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Investigating the Development of Task-Oriented Communication in Vision-Language Models
Carmeli, Boaz
Paradise, Orr
Goldwasser, Shafi
Belinkov, Yonatan
Meir, Ron
Artificial Intelligence
We investigate whether \emph{LLM-based agents} can develop task-oriented communication protocols that differ from standard natural language in collaborative reasoning tasks. Our focus is on two core properties such task-oriented protocols may exhibit: Efficiency -- conveying task-relevant information more concisely than natural language, and Covertness -- becoming difficult for external observers to interpret, raising concerns about transparency and control. To investigate these aspects, we use a referential-game framework in which vision-language model (VLM) agents communicate, providing a controlled, measurable setting for evaluating language variants. Experiments show that VLMs can develop effective, task-adapted communication patterns. At the same time, they can develop covert protocols that are difficult for humans and external agents to interpret. We also observe spontaneous coordination between similar models without explicitly shared protocols. These findings highlight both the potential and the risks of task-oriented communication, and position referential games as a valuable testbed for future work in this area.
title Investigating the Development of Task-Oriented Communication in Vision-Language Models
topic Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.20641