Violation of the third law of black hole mechanics in vacuum gravity

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Crump, John R. V., Gadioux, Maxime, Reall, Harvey S., Santos, Jorge E.
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Crump, John R. V.
Gadioux, Maxime
Reall, Harvey S.
Santos, Jorge E.
author_facet Crump, John R. V.
Gadioux, Maxime
Reall, Harvey S.
Santos, Jorge E.
contents We demonstrate numerically the existence of solutions of five-dimensional vacuum gravity describing the formation, in finite time, of an extremal rotating black hole from a pre-existing Schwarzschild black hole. This is the first example of a violation of the third law of black hole mechanics in vacuum gravity and demonstrates that the third law is false independently of any matter model. We also demonstrate the existence of solutions describing the formation, in finite time, of an extremal rotating black hole from vacuum initial data that does not contain a black hole.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_20955
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Violation of the third law of black hole mechanics in vacuum gravity
Crump, John R. V.
Gadioux, Maxime
Reall, Harvey S.
Santos, Jorge E.
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
We demonstrate numerically the existence of solutions of five-dimensional vacuum gravity describing the formation, in finite time, of an extremal rotating black hole from a pre-existing Schwarzschild black hole. This is the first example of a violation of the third law of black hole mechanics in vacuum gravity and demonstrates that the third law is false independently of any matter model. We also demonstrate the existence of solutions describing the formation, in finite time, of an extremal rotating black hole from vacuum initial data that does not contain a black hole.
title Violation of the third law of black hole mechanics in vacuum gravity
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.20955