From Particles to Agents: Hallucination as a Metric for Cognitive Friction in Spatial Simulation
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Sánchez-Vaquerizo, Javier Argota Monsivais, Luis Borunda |
| author_facet | Sánchez-Vaquerizo, Javier Argota Monsivais, Luis Borunda |
| contents | Traditional architectural simulations (e.g. Computational Fluid Dynamics, evacuation, structural analysis) model elements as deterministic physics-based "particles" rather than cognitive "agents". To bridge this, we introduce \textbf{Agentic Environmental Simulations}, where Large Multimodal generative models actively predict the next state of spatial environments based on semantic expectation. Drawing on examples from accessibility-oriented AR pipelines and multimodal digital twins, we propose a shift from chronological time-steps to Episodic Spatial Reasoning, where simulations advance through meaningful, surprisal-triggered events. Within this framework we posit AI hallucinations as diagnostic tools. By formalizing the \textbf{Cognitive Friction} ($C_f$) it is possible to reveal "Phantom Affordances", i.e. semiotic ambiguities in built space. Finally, we challenge current HCI paradigms by treating environments as dynamic cognitive partners and propose a human-centered framework of cognitive orchestration for designing AI-driven simulations that preserve autonomy, affective clarity, and cognitive integrity. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_21977 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | From Particles to Agents: Hallucination as a Metric for Cognitive Friction in Spatial Simulation Sánchez-Vaquerizo, Javier Argota Monsivais, Luis Borunda Human-Computer Interaction Artificial Intelligence Computers and Society Primary 68U20, Secondary 68T45, 68T37, 68U07, 68T05 H.5.2; I.2.10; I.2.11; I.6.8; J.5; K.4.1 Traditional architectural simulations (e.g. Computational Fluid Dynamics, evacuation, structural analysis) model elements as deterministic physics-based "particles" rather than cognitive "agents". To bridge this, we introduce \textbf{Agentic Environmental Simulations}, where Large Multimodal generative models actively predict the next state of spatial environments based on semantic expectation. Drawing on examples from accessibility-oriented AR pipelines and multimodal digital twins, we propose a shift from chronological time-steps to Episodic Spatial Reasoning, where simulations advance through meaningful, surprisal-triggered events. Within this framework we posit AI hallucinations as diagnostic tools. By formalizing the \textbf{Cognitive Friction} ($C_f$) it is possible to reveal "Phantom Affordances", i.e. semiotic ambiguities in built space. Finally, we challenge current HCI paradigms by treating environments as dynamic cognitive partners and propose a human-centered framework of cognitive orchestration for designing AI-driven simulations that preserve autonomy, affective clarity, and cognitive integrity. |
| title | From Particles to Agents: Hallucination as a Metric for Cognitive Friction in Spatial Simulation |
| topic | Human-Computer Interaction Artificial Intelligence Computers and Society Primary 68U20, Secondary 68T45, 68T37, 68U07, 68T05 H.5.2; I.2.10; I.2.11; I.6.8; J.5; K.4.1 |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.21977 |