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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.22011 |
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| _version_ | 1866910004979695616 |
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| author | Rahman, M. Reefaz Schnier, Karsten Goldsmith, Ryan Lawrie, Benjamin J. Lukens, Joseph M. Kim, Seongsin M. Kung, Patrick |
| author_facet | Rahman, M. Reefaz Schnier, Karsten Goldsmith, Ryan Lawrie, Benjamin J. Lukens, Joseph M. Kim, Seongsin M. Kung, Patrick |
| contents | A growing variety of optically accessible spin qubits have emerged in recent years as key components for quantum sensors, qubits, and quantum memories. However, the scalability of conventional spin-based quantum architectures remains limited by direct microwave delivery, which introduces thermal noise, electromagnetic cross-talk, and design constraints for cryogenic, high-field, and distributed systems. In this work, we present a unified framework for RF-over-fiber (RFoF) control of optically accessible spins through RFoF optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. The RFoF platform relies on an electro-optically modulated telecom-band laser that transmits microwave signals over fiber and a high-speed photodiode that recovers the RF waveform to drive NV center spin transitions. We obtain an RFoF efficiency of 1.81\% at 2.90~GHz, corresponding to $P_{\mathrm{RF,out}}=-0.7$~dBm. The RFoF architecture provides a path toward low-noise, thermally isolated, and cryo-compatible ODMR systems bridging conventional spin-based quantum sensing protocols with emerging distributed quantum technologies. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_22011 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Photonic Links for Spin-Based Quantum Sensors Rahman, M. Reefaz Schnier, Karsten Goldsmith, Ryan Lawrie, Benjamin J. Lukens, Joseph M. Kim, Seongsin M. Kung, Patrick Quantum Physics Applied Physics A growing variety of optically accessible spin qubits have emerged in recent years as key components for quantum sensors, qubits, and quantum memories. However, the scalability of conventional spin-based quantum architectures remains limited by direct microwave delivery, which introduces thermal noise, electromagnetic cross-talk, and design constraints for cryogenic, high-field, and distributed systems. In this work, we present a unified framework for RF-over-fiber (RFoF) control of optically accessible spins through RFoF optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. The RFoF platform relies on an electro-optically modulated telecom-band laser that transmits microwave signals over fiber and a high-speed photodiode that recovers the RF waveform to drive NV center spin transitions. We obtain an RFoF efficiency of 1.81\% at 2.90~GHz, corresponding to $P_{\mathrm{RF,out}}=-0.7$~dBm. The RFoF architecture provides a path toward low-noise, thermally isolated, and cryo-compatible ODMR systems bridging conventional spin-based quantum sensing protocols with emerging distributed quantum technologies. |
| title | Photonic Links for Spin-Based Quantum Sensors |
| topic | Quantum Physics Applied Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.22011 |