SUN-DSBO: A Structured Unified Framework for Nonconvex Decentralized Stochastic Bilevel Optimization

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Ma, Yaoshuai, Wang, Xiao, Yao, Wei, Zhang, Jin
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Ma, Yaoshuai
Wang, Xiao
Yao, Wei
Zhang, Jin
author_facet Ma, Yaoshuai
Wang, Xiao
Yao, Wei
Zhang, Jin
contents Decentralized stochastic bilevel optimization (DSBO) is a powerful tool for various machine learning tasks, including decentralized meta-learning and hyperparameter tuning. Existing DSBO methods primarily address problems with strongly convex lower-level objective functions. However, nonconvex objective functions are increasingly prevalent in modern deep learning. In this work, we introduce SUN-DSBO, a Structured Unified framework for Nonconvex DSBO, in which both the upper- and lower-level objective functions may be nonconvex. Notably, SUN-DSBO offers the flexibility to incorporate decentralized stochastic gradient descent or various techniques for mitigating data heterogeneity, such as gradient tracking (GT). We demonstrate that SUN-DSBO-GT, an adaptation of the GT technique within our framework, achieves a linear speedup with respect to the number of agents. This is accomplished without relying on restrictive assumptions, such as gradient boundedness or any specific assumptions regarding gradient heterogeneity. Numerical experiments validate the effectiveness of our method.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2601_22682
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle SUN-DSBO: A Structured Unified Framework for Nonconvex Decentralized Stochastic Bilevel Optimization
Ma, Yaoshuai
Wang, Xiao
Yao, Wei
Zhang, Jin
Optimization and Control
Decentralized stochastic bilevel optimization (DSBO) is a powerful tool for various machine learning tasks, including decentralized meta-learning and hyperparameter tuning. Existing DSBO methods primarily address problems with strongly convex lower-level objective functions. However, nonconvex objective functions are increasingly prevalent in modern deep learning. In this work, we introduce SUN-DSBO, a Structured Unified framework for Nonconvex DSBO, in which both the upper- and lower-level objective functions may be nonconvex. Notably, SUN-DSBO offers the flexibility to incorporate decentralized stochastic gradient descent or various techniques for mitigating data heterogeneity, such as gradient tracking (GT). We demonstrate that SUN-DSBO-GT, an adaptation of the GT technique within our framework, achieves a linear speedup with respect to the number of agents. This is accomplished without relying on restrictive assumptions, such as gradient boundedness or any specific assumptions regarding gradient heterogeneity. Numerical experiments validate the effectiveness of our method.
title SUN-DSBO: A Structured Unified Framework for Nonconvex Decentralized Stochastic Bilevel Optimization
topic Optimization and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.22682