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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.00537 |
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| _version_ | 1866918317150699520 |
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| author | Guo, Ranran Wu, Jin Xu, Mingmei Li, Zhiming Yin, Zhengning Lin, Yufu Chen, Lizhu Zhang, Yanhua Fu, Jinghua Chen, Xiaosong Wu, Yuanfang |
| author_facet | Guo, Ranran Wu, Jin Xu, Mingmei Li, Zhiming Yin, Zhengning Lin, Yufu Chen, Lizhu Zhang, Yanhua Fu, Jinghua Chen, Xiaosong Wu, Yuanfang |
| contents | We present a comprehensive model study of the eigen-microstate approach (EMA) for identifying critical fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using UrQMD and two stochastic baseline models, we demonstrate that EMA is insensitive to conventional short-range correlations and effectively filters out non-critical backgrounds. Critical fluctuations embedded via event-level or particle-level replacement with CMC events generate characteristic cluster-like eigen-microstate patterns and enhanced leading eigenvalues, with event-level criticality producing stronger responses. The eigen microstates exhibit the same pattern across different scales, demonstrating that the fractal nature of critical fluctuations is captured by the eigen microstates. Finite-size scaling of eigenvalue ratios exhibits fixed-point behavior, confirming the largest eigenvalue as an effective order-parameter-like quantity. These results demonstrate that EMA offers a robust and background-independent method for critical-point searches in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan and future heavy-ion experiments. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_00537 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Model Study of Eigen-Microstate Signatures of Criticality in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions Guo, Ranran Wu, Jin Xu, Mingmei Li, Zhiming Yin, Zhengning Lin, Yufu Chen, Lizhu Zhang, Yanhua Fu, Jinghua Chen, Xiaosong Wu, Yuanfang Nuclear Theory High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We present a comprehensive model study of the eigen-microstate approach (EMA) for identifying critical fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using UrQMD and two stochastic baseline models, we demonstrate that EMA is insensitive to conventional short-range correlations and effectively filters out non-critical backgrounds. Critical fluctuations embedded via event-level or particle-level replacement with CMC events generate characteristic cluster-like eigen-microstate patterns and enhanced leading eigenvalues, with event-level criticality producing stronger responses. The eigen microstates exhibit the same pattern across different scales, demonstrating that the fractal nature of critical fluctuations is captured by the eigen microstates. Finite-size scaling of eigenvalue ratios exhibits fixed-point behavior, confirming the largest eigenvalue as an effective order-parameter-like quantity. These results demonstrate that EMA offers a robust and background-independent method for critical-point searches in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan and future heavy-ion experiments. |
| title | Model Study of Eigen-Microstate Signatures of Criticality in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions |
| topic | Nuclear Theory High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.00537 |