Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| Materias: | |
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| _version_ | 1866908802042822656 |
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| author | Werner, Thomas Riyazi, Erfan Hawaldar, Samarth Sahu, Rishabh Arnold, Georg Falthansl-Scheinecker, Paul Naranjo, Jennifer A. Sánchez Loi, Dante Kapoor, Lucky N. Zemlicka, Martin Qiu, Liu Militaru, Andrei Fink, Johannes M. |
| author_facet | Werner, Thomas Riyazi, Erfan Hawaldar, Samarth Sahu, Rishabh Arnold, Georg Falthansl-Scheinecker, Paul Naranjo, Jennifer A. Sánchez Loi, Dante Kapoor, Lucky N. Zemlicka, Martin Qiu, Liu Militaru, Andrei Fink, Johannes M. |
| contents | Superconducting qubits are a leading candidate for utility-scale quantum computing due to their fast gate speeds and steadily decreasing error rates. The requirement for millikelvin operating temperatures, however, creates a significant scaling bottleneck. Modular architectures using optical fiber links could bridge separate cryogenic nodes, but superconducting circuits do not have coherent optical transitions and microwave-to-optical conversion has not been shown for any non-classical photon state. In this work, we demonstrate the on-demand generation and tomographic reconstruction of itinerant single microwave photons at 8.9 GHz from a superconducting qubit. We upconvert this non-Gaussian state with a transducer added noise below 0.012 quanta and count the converted telecom photons at 193.4 THz with a signal-to-noise ratio of up to 5.1$\pm$1.1. We characterize the trade-offs between throughput and noise, and establish a viable path toward heralded entanglement distribution and gate teleportation. Looking ahead, these results empower existing superconducting devices to take a key role in distributed quantum technologies and heterogeneous quantum systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_00928 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states Werner, Thomas Riyazi, Erfan Hawaldar, Samarth Sahu, Rishabh Arnold, Georg Falthansl-Scheinecker, Paul Naranjo, Jennifer A. Sánchez Loi, Dante Kapoor, Lucky N. Zemlicka, Martin Qiu, Liu Militaru, Andrei Fink, Johannes M. Quantum Physics Superconducting qubits are a leading candidate for utility-scale quantum computing due to their fast gate speeds and steadily decreasing error rates. The requirement for millikelvin operating temperatures, however, creates a significant scaling bottleneck. Modular architectures using optical fiber links could bridge separate cryogenic nodes, but superconducting circuits do not have coherent optical transitions and microwave-to-optical conversion has not been shown for any non-classical photon state. In this work, we demonstrate the on-demand generation and tomographic reconstruction of itinerant single microwave photons at 8.9 GHz from a superconducting qubit. We upconvert this non-Gaussian state with a transducer added noise below 0.012 quanta and count the converted telecom photons at 193.4 THz with a signal-to-noise ratio of up to 5.1$\pm$1.1. We characterize the trade-offs between throughput and noise, and establish a viable path toward heralded entanglement distribution and gate teleportation. Looking ahead, these results empower existing superconducting devices to take a key role in distributed quantum technologies and heterogeneous quantum systems. |
| title | Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.00928 |